Order Code RL32614
CRS Report for Congress
Received through the CRS Web
Duration of Continuing Resolutions
in Recent Years
Updated April 22, 2005
Robert Keith
Specialist in American National Government
Government and Finance Division
Congressional Research Service { The Library of Congress

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Duration of Continuing Resolutions
In Recent Years
Summary
Continuing appropriations acts, commonly known as continuing resolutions,
have been an integral component of the annual appropriations process for decades.
Whenever action on one or more of the regular appropriations acts for a fiscal year
is incomplete as the end of a congressional session nears, one issue that arises is the
appropriate duration of any period for which continuing resolutions will be used.
Continuing resolutions may have a relatively short duration in the expectation
that action on the regular appropriations acts will be concluded within several days
or weeks. Alternatively, continuing resolutions may have a longer duration to
postpone final action on appropriations decisions until after elections or into the
beginning of the next congressional session. Finally, a continuing resolution may
provide funding for the remainder of the fiscal year.
The duration of a continuing resolution refers to the period for which continuing
appropriations are made available for the use of agencies. (Legislative provisions,
as opposed to funding provisions, contained in a continuing resolution may remain
in effect for a longer period, even as permanent law.) The period ends either upon
enactment of the applicable regular appropriations act or on an expiration date
specified in the continuing resolution, whichever occurs first.
Over the past half century, the timing patterns for congressional action on
regular appropriations acts have varied considerably, but tardy enactment has been
a recurring problem. Consequently, during the 54-year period covering FY1952-
FY2005, Congress enacted continuing resolutions for all but five fiscal years.
Full-year continuing resolutions provide funding for one or more of the regular
appropriations acts for the remainder of the fiscal year. They represent a
determination by Congress to abandon any further efforts to enact separately any
unfinished regular appropriations acts for the fiscal year, and to bring the annual
appropriations process for that year to a close (except for the later consideration of
supplemental appropriations acts).
While Congress has employed full-year continuing resolutions on many
occasions, it has not done so consistently over time. For each of the 11 fiscal years
covering FY1978-FY1988, Congress enacted a full-year continuing resolution. Three
years later, Congress enacted another full-year continuing resolution, for FY1992.
Since that time, no full-year continuing resolutions have been enacted.
During the past eight fiscal years (FY1998-FY2005), Congress provided funding
under continuing resolutions for an average each year of nearly three months (81.4
days). The period for which continuing appropriations were provided in these eight
years ranged from 21 days to 143 days. On average, each of the 64 continuing
resolutions enacted during this period lasted for 10.2 days
This report will be updated as developments warrant.

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Contents
Features of Continuing Resolutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Persistent Need for Continuing Resolutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Use of Full-Year Continuing Resolutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Recent Congressional Practices (FY1997-FY2005) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
List of Figures
Figure 1. Duration of Continuing Resolutions: FY1997-FY2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
List of Tables
Table 1. Full-Year Continuing Resolutions: FY1978-FY1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Table 2. Number and Duration of Continuing Resolutions: FY1997-FY2005 . . 7
Table 3. Detailed Information on Continuing Resolutions: FY1997-FY2005 . . 9

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Duration of Continuing Resolutions
In Recent Years
Continuing appropriations acts, commonly known as continuing resolutions,
have been an integral component of the annual appropriations process for decades.
Whenever action on the regular appropriations acts for a fiscal year is incomplete as
the end of a congressional session nears, one issue that arises is the most appropriate
duration of any period for which continuing resolutions will be used.
Continuing resolutions may have a relatively short duration in the expectation
that action on the regular appropriations acts will be concluded within several days
or weeks. Alternatively, continuing resolutions may have a longer duration to
postpone final action on appropriations decisions until after elections or into the
beginning of the next congressional session. Finally, a continuing resolution may
provide funding for the remainder of the fiscal year.
This report provides information on congressional practices with respect to the
duration of continuing resolutions, including the use of full-year measures, and
focuses particularly on the period covering FY1997-FY2005.
Features of Continuing Resolutions
The routine activities of most federal agencies are funded by means of annual
appropriations provided in one or more of the regular appropriations acts.1 When
action on the regular appropriations acts is delayed, Congress turns to one or more
continuing appropriations acts to provide stop-gap funding.2 In the absence of
regular appropriations, the failure to enact continuing appropriations in a timely
manner results in a funding gap. Funding gaps usually require that affected federal
agencies shut down and furlough many of their employees.3
Continuing appropriations acts commonly are referred to as continuing
resolutions (or CRs) because usually they provide continuing appropriations in the
form of a joint resolution rather than a bill. Occasionally, however, continuing
appropriations are provided in bill form.
1The number of regular appropriations acts varied between 11 and 14 during the past half
century, but was fixed at 13 for the period covering FY1968-FY2005. Realignment of the
House and Senate Appropriations subcommittees at the beginning of the 109th Congress is
expected to reduce the number of regular appropriations acts beginning with FY2006.
2For general information, see CRS Report RL30343, Continuing Appropriations Acts: Brief
Overview of Recent Practices, by Sandy Streeter.
3Exceptions are made under law so that activities for certain authorized purposes, such as
protecting property and the safety of human life, may continue during a funding gap.

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CRS-2
In most of the years in which continuing resolutions have been used, a series of
two or more have been enacted into law. Continuing resolutions may be designated
by their order (e.g., first continuing resolution, second continuing resolution, and so
on) or, after the initial continuing resolution has been enacted, designated merely as
a further continuing resolution.
The duration of a continuing resolution refers to the period for which continuing
appropriations are made available for the use of agencies. (Legislative provisions,
as opposed to funding provisions, contained in a continuing resolution may remain
in effect for a longer period, even as permanent law.) The period ends either upon
enactment of the applicable regular appropriations act or on an expiration date
specified in the continuing resolution, whichever occurs first. The duration of a
continuing resolution may vary for different agencies covered thereunder as an
agency’s regular appropriations act is enacted and its coverage under the continuing
resolution ceases. In addition, a continuing resolution may contain an expiration date
for one or more agencies or programs that differs from the one that applies generally
to the covered agencies and programs.
Section 107 of P.L. 108-84 (117 Stat. 1043), the first continuing resolution for
FY2004 (which began on October 1, 2003), set the duration of the measure at 31
days:
Sec. 107. Unless otherwise provided for in this joint resolution or in the
applicable appropriations Act, appropriations and funds made available and
authority granted pursuant to this joint resolution shall be available until (a)
enactment into law of an appropriation for any project or activity provided for
in this joint resolution, or (b) the enactment into law of the applicable
appropriations Act by both Houses without any provision for such project or
activity, or (c) October 31, 2003, whichever first occurs.
Oftentimes, subsequent continuing resolutions simply will replace the expiration
date in the preceding continuing resolution with a new one. For example, Section 1
of the second continuing resolution for FY2004, P.L. 108-104 (117 Stat. 1200),
stated that “Public Law 108-84 is amended by striking the date specified in Section
107(c) and inserting ‘November 7, 2003’.” This action extended the duration of the
preceding continuing resolution by seven days.
Based upon their duration, continuing resolutions may be classified as either
partial-year or full-year measures. Partial-year continuing resolutions provide
funding for periods usually measured in days or weeks, while full-year continuing
resolutions provide funding through September 30 of the next congressional session,
the last day of the fiscal year.
By enacting a series of partial-year continuing resolutions, Congress secures
increments of time for itself to complete action on some or all of the remaining
regular appropriations acts before ending the congressional session. The duration of
the continuing resolutions may be shortened, sometimes to a single day, to keep
pressure on legislators to conclude their business, or may be lengthened to weeks to
accommodate lengthy negotiations or congressional recesses. In some cases,

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continuing resolutions have carried over into the next session when Congress wanted
to postpone making difficult political or policy decisions. Finally, when it does not
seem likely that one or more of the regular appropriations acts for a fiscal year will
be enacted separately, a full-year continuing resolution may be used to complete
legislative action.
Continuing resolutions usually fund activities under a formula-type approach
that provides spending at a restricted level, such as “at a rate for operations not
exceeding the current rate” (i.e., generally equivalent to the total amount of
appropriations provided for the prior fiscal year). The amount of funding available
for particular activities often is increased when the regular appropriations act
subsequently is enacted. Congress is not bound by these conventions in determining
funding levels, however, and there have been several variations in practice in
continuing resolutions over the years.
In addition, continuing resolutions generally do not allow new activities to be
initiated. Instead, funding usually is available only for activities conducted during
the past year, and existing conditions and limitations on program activity are retained.
Persistent Need for Continuing Resolutions
Over the past half century, the timing patterns for congressional action on
regular appropriations acts have varied considerably, but tardy enactment has been
a recurring problem. Consequently, during the 54-year period covering FY1952-
FY2005, Congress enacted continuing resolutions for all but five fiscal years.
In an effort to reduce the reliance on continuing resolutions, the Congressional
Budget Act of 1974 lengthened the time available for Congress to act on annual
appropriations measures by moving the start of the fiscal year back three months,
from July 1 to October 1.4 Procedures under the act first were implemented fully for
FY1977. During the preceding 25 fiscal years, covering FY1952-FY1976, Congress
did not once enact all of the regular appropriations acts on time. As a result, one or
more continuing resolutions were enacted each year during this period, except for
FY1953.5
The change made by the 1974 act in the start of the fiscal year yielded
immediate results — all 13 of the regular appropriations acts for FY1977 were
enacted on time. (Despite this achievement, two continuing resolutions were enacted
to fund certain unauthorized programs that had been excluded from the regular
appropriations acts.) The initial success was short-lived, and congressional reliance
on continuing resolutions has persisted in the ensuing years.
4Section 501 (88 Stat. 321) of P.L. 93-344; July 12, 1974. This section later was replaced
by the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, but the start of the fiscal year remains October
1 (see 31 U.S.C. 1102).
5Although regular appropriations measures for FY1953 were enacted into law after the start
of the fiscal year on July 1, 1952, no continuing appropriations were provided. Section 1414
of P.L. 82-547 (July 15, 1952), a supplemental appropriations measure for FY1953, resolved
the legalities arising from the tardy enactment of appropriations for that year.

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CRS-4
After FY1977, all of the regular appropriations acts were enacted on time in
only three other instances — for FY1989, FY1995, and FY1997. Consequently, one
or more continuing resolutions were needed each year during this period, except for
these three fiscal years.
In most years, more than one continuing resolution was needed as Congress
worked to complete action on the regular appropriations acts. The number of
continuing resolutions enacted for a fiscal year during the period covering FY1977-
FY2005 ranged from zero to 21. On average, about five continuing resolutions were
enacted each year during this interval.
Use of Full-Year Continuing Resolutions
Full-year continuing resolutions provide funding for one or more of the regular
appropriations acts for the remainder of the fiscal year (i.e., through June 30 for
FY1976 and prior years, and through September 30 for FY1977 and subsequent
years). They represent a determination by Congress to abandon any further efforts
to enact separately any unfinished regular appropriations acts for the fiscal year, and
to bring the annual appropriations process for that year to a close (except for the later
consideration of supplemental appropriations acts).
While Congress has employed full-year continuing resolutions on many
occasions, it has not done so consistently over time. Prior to the full implementation
of the 1974 Congressional Budget Act for FY1977, full-year continuing resolutions
were used periodically. Full-year continuing resolutions, for example, were enacted
for four of the six preceding fiscal years (FY1971, FY1973, FY1975, and FY1976).6
Following the successful completion of action on the regular appropriations acts
for FY1977, Congress returned to the use of full-year continuing resolutions for more
than a decade. For each of the 11 fiscal years following FY1977, covering FY1978-
FY1988, Congress enacted a full-year continuing resolution. Three years later,
Congress enacted another full-year continuing resolution, for FY1992. Since that
time, no full-year continuing resolutions have been enacted.
Table 1 identifies the 12 full-year continuing resolutions enacted since FY1977.
Nine of the 12 full-year continuing resolutions were enacted in the first quarter
of the fiscal year — three in October, two in November, and four in December.
Three of them, however, were enacted during the following session, between March
31 and June 5.
As Table 1 shows, full-year continuing resolutions enacted during the first five
years of this period were relatively short measures, ranging in length from one to four
pages in the Statutes-at-Large. Beginning with FY1983 and extending through
6The full-year continuing resolution for FY1976, P.L. 94-254, provided funding through the
end of the fiscal year (June 30, 1976) as well as through the end of a “transition quarter”
(Sept. 30, 1976) made necessary by the change in the start of the fiscal year from July 1 to
October 1.

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CRS-5
FY1988, however, the measures became much lengthier, ranging in length from 19
to 451 pages (averaging 244 pages). The number of regular appropriations acts
covered by continuing resolutions for the full fiscal year changed as well. Initially,
the number of covered acts ranged from one to five (averaging 2.4), but beginning
with FY1983 and extending through FY1988, the number of covered acts ranged
from four to 13 (averaging 8.7).
Table 1. Full-Year Continuing Resolutions: FY1978-FY1992
Number of Regular
Fiscal
Public Law
Enactment
Page Length
Appropriations
Year
Number
Date
(Statutes-at-Large)
Acts Covered for
the Full Year
1978
95-205
12-09-77
2
1
1979
95-482
10-18-78
4
1
1980
96-123
11-20-79
4
2
1981
97-12
06-05-81
2 a
5
1982
97-161
03-31-82
1
3
1983
97-377
12-21-82
95
7
1984
98-151
11-14-83
19
4
1985
98-473
10-12-84
363
8
1986
99-190
12-19-85
142
7
1987
99-591
10-30-86
391
13
1988
100-202
12-22-87
451
13
1989
[none]
—
—
—
1990
[none]
—
—
—
1991
[none]
—
—
—
1992
102-266
04-01-92
8
1
a. Full-year continuing appropriations for FY1981 were provided as part of a supplemental
appropriations act (H.R. 3512); see Title IV, “Further Continuing Appropriations,” at 95 Stat.
96-97.
The greater page length of full-year continuing resolutions enacted for the period
covering FY1983-FY1988 may be explained by two factors. First, full-year
continuing resolutions enacted prior to FY1983 generally established funding levels
by a formulaic reference to pending regular appropriations acts. With regard to a
specific appropriations act, for example, funding levels may have been keyed to the
lesser of the amounts provided in the House-passed or Senate-passed versions of the
act. Beginning with FY1983, however, Congress largely abandoned the use of
formulaic references to establish funding levels. Instead, the full text of some or all

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CRS-6
of the covered regular appropriations acts usually was incorporated into the full-year
continuing resolution, thereby increasing its length considerably. Secondly, the
number of regular appropriations acts covered by full-year continuing resolutions, as
mentioned previously, increased significantly during the FY1983-FY1988 period.
The full-year continuing resolution for FY1978, P.L. 96-205, provided funding
for activities under the District of Columbia Appropriations Act for the entire year
at the “current rate.” Accordingly, the level of funding for FY1978 was maintained
under the continuing resolution at the FY1977 level. On the other hand, full-year
continuing resolutions after FY1978 generally provided higher funding levels than
would have been allowed under the current rate, either by a formulaic reference to
pending regular appropriations acts for the new fiscal year or by incorporating the full
text of such acts.
Recent Congressional Practices (FY1997-FY2005)
Continuing resolutions were an important element of the annual appropriations
process during the last nine fiscal years, covering FY1997-FY2005. As shown in
Table 2, a total of 64 continuing resolutions were enacted into law during the period.
This reflects an average of 8.0 measures enacted per year, excluding FY1997 (when
no continuing resolutions were needed). Excluding FY1997, the number of
continuing resolutions enacted per year ranged from three (for FY2005) to 21 (for
FY2001).
In the eight years for which continuing resolutions were enacted, Congress
provided funding by such means for an average each year of nearly three months
(81.4 days). The period for which continuing appropriations were provided in these
eight years ranged from 21 days to 143 days. On average, each of the 64 continuing
resolutions enacted lasted for 10.2 days.7 No full-year continuing resolutions were
used during this period.
In the first four instances, the expiration date in the final continuing resolution
was set in the first quarter of the fiscal year, on a date occurring between October 21
and December 21. The expiration date in the final continuing resolution for the next
three fiscal years, however, was set in the following session on a date occurring
between January 1 and February 20. The expiration date for the last fiscal year
shown in the table, FY2004, was in the first quarter of the fiscal year (December 8).
Figure 1 presents a representation of both the number and duration of
continuing resolutions for FY1997-FY2005. As the figure shows, there is no
significant correlation between these two variables. Six continuing resolutions were
enacted for both FY1998 and FY1999, but the same number of measures lasted for
a period of 57 days for FY1998 and only 21 days for FY1999. The largest number
of continuing resolutions enacted for a single fiscal year during this period — 21 for
FY2001 — covered a period lasting 82 days, at an average duration of 3.9 days per
7The fifth continuing resolution enacted for FY2004, P.L. 108-185, did not change the
expiration date of Jan. 31, 2004, set in the preceding continuing resolution.

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CRS-7
act; the smallest number enacted — five for FY2004 (excluding FY1997) — covered
a much longer period of time, 123 days, at an average duration of 24.6 days per act.
Table 2. Number and Duration of Continuing Resolutions:
FY1997-FY2005
Fiscal
Number
Duration in
Average Duration
Final Expiration
Year
of Acts
Daysa
for Each Act
Date
1997
0
0
0
—
1998
6
57
9.5
11-26-1997
1999
6
21
3.5
10-21-1998
2000
7
63
9.0
12-02-1999
2001
21
82
3.9
12-21-2000
2002
8
93
11.6
01-01-2002
2003
8
143
17.9
02-20-2003
2004
5b
123
24.6
01-31-2004
2005
3
69
23.0
12-08-2004
Total
64
651
—
—
Annual
average,
8.0
81.4
10.2
December 21
excluding
FY1997
a. Duration is measured, in the case of the initial continuing resolution for a fiscal year, from the first
day of the year (October 1). For subsequent continuing resolutions for a fiscal year, duration
is measured from the expiration date of the preceding continuing resolution.
b. The fifth continuing resolution for FY2004 did not change the expiration date of January 31, 2004,
established in the preceding continuing resolution.
Figure 1 also shows considerable mix in the use of shorter-term and longer-term
continuing resolutions for a single fiscal year. For FY2001, for example, 21
continuing resolutions covered the first 82 days of the fiscal year. The first 25 days
were covered by a series of four continuing resolutions lasting between five and eight
days each. The next 10 days, a period of intense legislative negotiations leading up
to the national elections on November 7, 2000, were covered by a series of 10 one-
day continuing resolutions.
The next 31 days were covered by only two continuing resolutions, the first
lasting 10 days and the second lasting 21 days. The first continuing resolution was
enacted into law on November 4, the Saturday before the election, and extended
through November 14, the second day of a lame-duck session. The second

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CRS-8
continuing resolution was enacted into law on November 15; it expired on December
5, 10 days before the lame-duck session ended.
The remaining five continuing resolutions, which ranged in duration from one
to six days, covered the remainder of the lame-duck session and several days beyond
(as the final appropriations legislation passed by Congress was processed for the
President’s approval).
Table 3 provides more detailed information on the number and duration of
continuing appropriations acts enacted for FY1997-FY2005.
Figure 1. Duration of Continuing Resolutions: FY1997-FY2005
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
0
30
60
90
120
150
Number of Days
Note: Each segment of a bar for a fiscal year represents the duration of one continuing resolution.
The left-most segment represents the first continuing resolution, effective beginning on October 1 (the
start of the fiscal year). For FY1997, no continuing resolutions were necessary; therefore, the duration
is zero days. Duration is measured, in the case of the initial continuing resolution for a fiscal year,
from the first day of the year. For subsequent continuing resolutions for a fiscal year, duration is
measured from the expiration date of the preceding continuing resolution.

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CRS-9
Table 3. Detailed Information on Continuing Resolutions:
FY1997-FY2005
Fiscal
Public
Statutes-at-Large
Enactment
Expiration
Duration
Year
Law No.
Citation
Date
Date
in Daysa
1997
[none]
—
—
—
—
1998
105-46
111 Stat. 1153-1158
09-30-97
10-23-97
23
105-64
111 Stat. 1343
10-23-97
11-07-97
15
105-68
111 Stat. 1453
11-07-97
11-09-97
2
105-69
111 Stat. 1454
11-09-97
11-10-97
1
105-71
111 Stat. 1456
11-10-97
11-14-97
4
105-84
111 Stat. 1628
11-14-97
11-26-97
12
1999
105-240
112 Stat. 1566-1571
09-25-98
10-09-98
9
105-249
112 Stat. 1868
10-09-98
10-12-98
3
105-254
112 Stat. 1888
10-12-98
10-14-98
2
105-257
112 Stat. 1901
10-14-98
10-16-98
2
105-260
112 Stat. 1919
10-16-98
10-20-98
4
105-273
112 Stat. 2418
10-20-98
10-21-98
1
2000
106-62
113 Stat. 505-509
09-30-99
10-21-99
21
106-75
113 Stat. 1125
10-21-99
10-29-99
8
106-85
113 Stat. 1297
10-29-99
11-05-99
7
106-88
113 Stat. 1304
11-05-99
11-10-99
5
106-94
113 Stat. 1311
11-10-99
11-17-99
7
106-105
113 Stat. 1484
11-18-99
11-18-99
1
106-106
113 Stat. 1485
11-19-99
12-02-99
14
2001
106-275
114 Stat. 808-811
09-29-00
10-06-00
6
106-282
114 Stat. 866
10-06-00
10-14-00
8
106-306
114 Stat. 1073
10-13-00
10-20-00
6
106-344
114 Stat. 1318
10-20-00
10-25-00
5
106-358
114 Stat. 1397
10-26-00
10-26-00
1
106-359
114 Stat. 1398
10-26-00
10-27-00
1
106-381
114 Stat. 1450
10-27-00
10-28-00
1

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CRS-10
Fiscal
Public
Statutes-at-Large
Enactment
Expiration
Duration
Year
Law No.
Citation
Date
Date
in Daysa
106-388
114 Stat. 1550
10-28-00
10-29-00
1
106-389
114 Stat. 1551
10-29-00
10-30-00
1
106-401
114 Stat. 1676
10-30-00
10-31-00
1
106-403
114 Stat. 1741
11-01-00
11-01-00
1
106-416
114 Stat. 1811
11-01-00
11-02-00
1
106-426
114 Stat. 1897
11-03-00
11-03-00
1
106-427
114 Stat. 1898
11-04-00
11-04-00
1
106-428
114 Stat. 1899
11-04-00
11-14-00
10
106-520
114 Stat. 2436-2437
11-15-00
12-05-00
21
106-537
114 Stat. 2562
12-05-00
12-07-00
2
106-539
114 Stat. 2570
12-07-00
12-08-00
1
106-540
114 Stat. 2571
12-08-00
12-11-00
3
106-542
114 Stat. 2713
12-11-00
12-15-00
4
106-543
114 Stat. 2714
12-15-00
12-21-00
6
2002
107-44
115 Stat. 253-257
09-28-01
10-16-01
16
107-48
115 Stat. 261
10-12-01
10-23-01
7
107-53
115 Stat. 269
10-22-01
10-31-01
8
107-58
115 Stat. 406
10-31-01
11-16-01
16
107-70
115 Stat. 596
11-17-01
12-07-01
21
107-79
115 Stat. 809
12-07-01
12-15-01
8
107-83
115 Stat. 822
12-15-01
12-21-01
6
107-97
115 Stat. 960
12-21-01
01-01-02
11
2003
107-229
116 Stat. 1465-1468
09-30-02
10-04-02
4
107-235
116 Stat. 1482
10-04-02
10-11-02
7
107-240
116 Stat. 1492-1495
10-11-02
10-18-02
7
107-244
116 Stat. 1503
10-18-02
11-22-02
35
107-294
116 Stat. 2062-2063
11-23-02
01-11-03
50
108-2
117 Stat. 5-6
01-10-03
01-31-03
20
108-4
117 Stat. 8
01-31-03
02-07-03
7

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Fiscal
Public
Statutes-at-Large
Enactment
Expiration
Duration
Year
Law No.
Citation
Date
Date
in Daysa
108-5
117 Stat. 9
02-07-03
02-20-03
13
2004
108-84
117 Stat. 1042-1047
09-30-03
10-31-03
31
108-104
117 Stat. 1200
10-31-03
11-07-03
7
108-107
117 Stat. 1240
11-07-03
11-21-03
14
108-135
117 Stat. 1391
11-22-03
01-31-04
71
108-185
117 Stat. 2684
12-16-03
[n/a]b
—
2005
108-309
118 Stat. 1137-1143
09-30-04
11-20-04
51
108-416
118 Stat. 2338
11-21-04
12-03-04
13
108-434
118 Stat. 2614
12-03-04
12-08-04
5
a. Duration is measured, in the case of the initial continuing resolution for a fiscal year, from the first
day of the year (October 1). For subsequent continuing resolutions for a fiscal year, duration
is measured from the expiration date of the preceding continuing resolution.
b. P.L. 108-185 contained provisions affecting funding levels for two specified programs, but did not
contain a provision affecting the expiration date of January 31, 2004, established in the
preceding continuing resolution (P.L. 108-135).

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