The Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia,
Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia held public referenda from March through
September 2003 on becoming members of the European Union (EU). These nine countries plus
Cyprus are expected to accede to the EU in May 2004, bringing the EU's total membership to
twenty-five. This report briefly analyzes the referenda results and implications. It will not be
updated. For additional information see CRS Report RS21344, European Union Enlargement.