Order Code RL31812
CRS Report for Congress
Received through the CRS Web
Appropriations for FY2004:
Legislative Branch
Updated July 18, 2003
Paul E. Dwyer
Specialist in American National Government
Government and Finance Division
Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress

Appropriations are one part of a complex federal budget process that includes budget
resolutions, appropriations (regular, supplemental, and continuing) bills, rescissions, and
budget reconciliation bills. The process begins with the President’s budget request and is
bounded by the rules of the House and Senate, the Congressional Budget and Impoundment
Control Act of 1974 (as amended), the Budget Enforcement Act of 1990, and current
program authorizations.
This report is a guide to one of the 13 regular appropriations bills that Congress considers
each year. It is designed to supplement the information provided by the House and Senate
Appropriations Subcommittees on Legislative Branch Appropriations. It summarizes the
current legislative status of the bill, its scope, major issues, funding levels, and related
legislative activity. The report lists the key CRS staff relevant to the issues covered and
related CRS products.
This report is updated as soon as possible after major legislative developments, especially
following legislative action in the committees and on the floor of the House and Senate.
NOTE: A Web version of this document with active links is
available to congressional staff at:
[http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/apppage.shtml].


Appropriations for FY2004: Legislative Branch
Summary
Both houses passed the FY2004 legislative branch appropriations bill within
two days of each other, the House on the evening of July 9, 2003, and the Senate on
the morning of July 11. The House passed a scaled down bill, H.R. 2657, containing
an overall decrease of 1.2%, excluding funds for Senate operations. H.R. 2657
freezes funding for the Capitol Police, by reducing the expenses account and
increasing the salaries account by 8.8%, but withholds new funding until a master
plan is completed. Funds for the Architect of the Capitol are increased slightly.
Additional appropriations will be considered as Congress seeks to determine the
extent of future funding needed for the Capitol Visitors’ Center and other pending
construction projects. The House bill contains no funds for the center.
As passed by the Senate, H.R. 2657 contains a 2.7% increase, not including
appropriations for House operations. Like the House, the Senate version contains a
reduction in police expenses, but provides an 18.6% increase in the police salaries
account. The Senate reduced the FY2004 budget of the Architect by 9.6% from
FY2003. The reduction from FY2003 is greater if the one-time appropriation of
$47.8 million for the Capitol Visitors’ Center contained in the Architect’s FY2004
appropriation is not counted.

During markup on July 9, the Senate Committee on Appropriations added
$1.989 billion in FY2003 emergency supplemental appropriations to its version of
the FY2004 legislative branch funding bill, S. 1383. It placed the funds in Title III
of the bill, which now includes $1.55 billion for disaster relief, $50 million for
NASA, $253 million for wildfire suppression, and $100 million for AmeriCorps. All
funds had been requested by the administration, except those for AmeriCorps.
Among elements considered during discussions on the FY2004 budget are
! the level of additional funds necessary to complete construction and
furnishing of the Capitol Visitors’ Center;
! additional security enhancements within and around the Capitol
complex;
! the level of funding for activities of the Capitol Police;
! the number of additional Capitol Police personnel;
! requests of the Capitol Police to expand their physical jurisdiction,
establish a mounted police unit, authorize officers to carry guns
(other than those used for official duty) when off-duty, and expand
the law enforcement duties of officers outside the physical
jurisdiction of the Capitol Police, including Members’ home districts
and states; and
! approval of request for $61.0 million for an alternative computer
facility to be shared by all legislative branch agencies.

Key Policy Staff
CRS
Area of Expertise
Name
Division
Telephone and E-mail
Appropriations Process
Bill Heniff
GOV/FIN
7-8646
wheniff@crs.loc.gov
Appropriations Process
Sandy Streeter
GOV/FIN
7-8653
sstreeter@crs.loc.gov
Committee Funds
Paul Rundquist
GOV/FIN
7-6939
prundquist@crs.loc.gov
Legislative Operations
Paul Dwyer
GOV/FIN
7-8668
pdwyer@crs.loc.gov
Bill Heniff
GOV/FIN
7-8646
wheniff@crs.loc.gov
Mildred Amer
GOV/FIN
7-8304
mamer@crs.loc.gov
Paul Rundquist
GOV/FIN
7-6939
prundquist@crs.loc.gov
Division abbreviations: GOV/FIN = Government and Finance

Contents
Most Recent Developments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Introduction to the Legislative Branch Appropriations Bill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Status of FY2004 Appropriations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Action on the FY2004 Legislative Branch Appropriations Bill . . . . . . . . . . 3
Submission of FY2004 Budget Request by the President . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Hearings on FY2004 Budget Requests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Report of FY2004 Bill By House Committee on Appropriations
(H.R. 2657) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Passage of FY2004 Bill by the House (H.R. 2657) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Report of FY2004 Bill by Senate Committee on Appropriations
(S. 1383) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Passage of FY2004 Bill by the Senate (S. 1383; H.R. 2657) . . . . . . . . . 5
Earlier Action on the First FY2003 Legislative Branch
Supplemental Appropriations Bill (H.R. 1559; P.L. 108-11) . . . . . . . . 5
Capitol Complex Security — U.S. Capitol Police . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Funding Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Capitol Complex Security — Capitol Visitors’ Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Architect of the Capitol Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Funding Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Structure of Appropriations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
House of Representatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Overall Funding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
House Committee Funding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Senate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Overall Senate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Senate Committee Funding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Support Agency Funding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Congressional Budget Office . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
General Accounting Office . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Library of Congress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Congressional Research Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Government Printing Office . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
For Additional Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
CRS Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Selected Web Sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
List of Tables
Table 1. Legislative Branch Appropriations, FY1995 to FY2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Table 2. Status of Legislative Branch Appropriations, FY2004 (H.R. 2657) . . . 3
Table 3. Legislative Branch Appropriations, FY2004 (H.R. 2657; S. 1383) . . . 14
Table 4. Capitol Police Appropriations, FY2004 (H.R. 2657; S. 1383) . . . . . . . 16
Table 5. Architect of the Capitol Appropriations, FY2004
(H.R. 2657; S. 1383) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Table 6. Senate Appropriations, FY2004 (H.R. 2657;S. 1383) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Table 7. House of Representatives Appropriations, FY2004 (H.R. 2657)
(108th Congress, 1st Session) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Table 8. Legislative Branch Budget Authority Contained in Appropriations
Acts, FY1995-2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Table 9. Legislative Branch Budget Authority Contained in Appropriations
Acts, FY1995-FY2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Appropriations for FY2004:
Legislative Branch
Most Recent Developments
H.R. 2657 is pending conference consideration. The bill was reported to the
House July 1, 2003 (H.Rept. 108-186), and passed on July 9, 2003. The Senate
reported S. 1383 on July 10 (S.Rept. 108-88), and passed H.R. 2657, amended to
contain the language of S. 1383, the following day.
Introduction to the Legislative Branch
Appropriations Bill
The annual legislative branch appropriations bill contains two titles.
Appropriations for legislative branch agencies are contained in Title I. Title II
contains general administrative provisions, and in FY2003 appropriations for two
activities, the John C. Stennis Center for Public Service Training and Development
and the Congressional Award Act.
Congress changed the structure of the annual legislative branch appropriations
bill effective in FY2003. Prior to enactment of the FY2003 bill, and effective in
FY1978, the legislative branch appropriations bill was divided into two titles. Title
I, Congressional Operations, contained budget authorities for activities directly
serving Congress. Included in this title were the budgets of the House, the Senate,
Joint Items (joint House and Senate activities), the Office of Compliance, the
Congressional Budget Office (CBO), the Architect of the Capitol (AOC) (except the
Library of Congress (LOC) buildings and grounds), the Congressional Research
Service (CRS) within the Library of Congress, and congressional printing and
binding activities of the Government Printing Office (GPO).
Title II, Related Agencies, contained budgets for activities not directly
supporting Congress. Included in this title were budgets of the Botanic Garden, the
Library of Congress (except the Congressional Research Service), the Library
buildings and grounds maintained by the Architect of the Capitol, the Government
Printing Office (except congressional printing and binding costs), and the General
Accounting Office (GAO). Periodically since FY1978, the bill contained additional
titles for such purposes as capital improvements and special one-time functions.
In addition to activities funded in the annual legislative branch appropriations
bill, there are legislative budget authorities that include permanent budget authority
for both federal funds and trust funds, and non-legislative entities.

CRS-2
Permanent federal funds are available as the result of previously enacted
legislation and do not require annual action.1
Permanent trust funds are monies held in accounts credited with collections
from specific sources earmarked by law for a defined purpose. Trust funds do not
appear in the annual legislative bill since they are not budget authority. They are
included in the U.S. Budget either as budget receipts or offsetting collections.2
The Budget also contains non-legislative entities within the legislative branch
budget. They are funded in other appropriation bills, but are placed in the legislative
section by the Office of Management and Budget for bookkeeping purposes.3
1 FY2004 estimated legislative branch permanent federal fund authority is $351 million,
comprised of House and Senate Member pay ($109 million); House and Senate use of
foreign currencies ($8 million); and Library of Congress payments to copyright owners
($234 million). Source is the FY2004 U.S. Budget (with figures rounded to the nearest
million).
2 FY2004 estimated permanent trust fund authority is $37 million, comprised of Library of
Congress gift and trust fund accounts ($16 million); U.S. Capitol Preservation Commission
trust funds ($1 million); Architect of the Capitol, U.S. Botanic Garden, gifts and donations
($2 million); John C. Stennis Center for Public Service Training and Development trust
funds ($3 million), and the Russian Leadership Development trust funds ($15 million).
Source is the FY2004 U.S. Budget (which contains figures rounded to the nearest million).
3 The FY2004 U.S. Budget contains $80 million in federal funds for non-legislative entities,
with one exception, under two headings: (1) “U.S. Tax Court” ($40 million), and (2) “other
legislative branch agencies - legislative branch boards and commissions” ($19 million),
which includes the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom ($3 million); a
subcategory titled “other legislative branch boards and commissions” ($3 million); and
payment to the Russian Leadership Development Center trust fund ($15 million).
For a more accurate picture of the legislative branch budget, as contained in the annual
legislative branch appropriations bill, the total FY2004 legislative branch appropriation
figure in the FY2004 U.S. Budget must be adjusted. This is accomplished by subtracting
non-legislative funds and permanent federal and trust funds. Non-legislative funds are those
for entities that are funded in other appropriations bills, but for bookkeeping purposes are
counted as legislative branch funds by the Office of Management and Budget. The FY2004
U.S. Budget contains a legislative budget authority request of $4.2 billion. After subtracting
non-legislative entities ($80 million), permanent federal funds ($351 million), and
permanent trust funds ($37 million), the total is $3.7 billion.

CRS-3
Table 1. Legislative Branch Appropriations, FY1995 to FY2003
(budget authority in billions of current dollars)a
FY1995
FY1996
FY1997
FY1998
FY1999
FY2000
FY2001
FY2002 FY2003
2.378
2.184
2.203
2.288
2.581b
2.486c
2.730d
3.252e
$3.461
a. These figures represent current dollars, exclude permanent budget authorities, and contain
supplementals and rescissions. Permanent budget authorities are not included in the annual
legislative branch appropriations bill but, rather, are automatically funded annually.
b. Includes budget authority contained in the FY1999 regular annual Legislative Branch
Appropriations Act (P.L. 105-275), the FY1999 emergency supplemental appropriation (P.L.
105-277), and the FY1999 supplemental appropriation (P.L. 106-31).
c. Includes budget authority contained in the FY2000 regular annual Legislative Branch
Appropriations Act (P.L. 106-57); a supplemental and a 0.38% rescission in P.L. 106-113; and
supplementals in P.L. 106-246 and P.L. 106-554.
d. This figure contains: (1) FY2001 regular annual appropriations contained in H.R. 5657, legislative
branch appropriations bill; (2) FY2001 supplemental appropriations of $118 million and a
0.22% across-the-board rescission contained in H.R. 5666, miscellaneous appropriations bill;
and (3) FY2001 supplemental appropriations of $79.5 million contained in H.R. 2216 (P.L. 107-
20). H.R. 5657 and H.R. 5666 were incorporated by reference in P.L. 106-554, FY2001
Consolidated Appropriations Act. The first FY2001legislative branch appropriations bill, H.R.
4516, was vetoed Oct. 30, 2000. The second legislative branch appropriations bill, H.R. 5657,
was introduced Dec. 14 and incorporated in P.L 106-554. in P.L. 106-554. This figure does not
reflect any terrorism supplementals funds released pursuant to P.L. 107-38.
e. This figure contains regular annual appropriations in P.L. 107-68; transfers from the legislative
branch emergency response fund pursuant to P.L. 107-117; and FY2002 supplemental
appropriations in P.L. 107-206.
Status of FY2004 Appropriations
Table 2. Status of Legislative Branch Appropriations, FY2004
(H.R. 2657)
Conference Report
Committee Markup
Approval
House
House
Senate
Senate
Conference
Public
House
Senate
Report
Passage
Report
Passage
Report
House
Senate
Law
07/01/03
07/10/03
06/26/03 07/01/03
(H.Rept.
07/09/03 (S. Rept.
07/11/03
108-186)
108-88)
Action on the FY2004 Legislative Branch Appropriations Bill
Submission of FY2004 Budget Request by the President. On February
3, 2003, President Bush issued the FY2004 U.S. Budget containing an estimate of
$3.76 billion for operations of the legislative branch. Subsequently, the request was
later revised to $3.78 billion due to modifications by legislative branch agencies,
which reflected an increase of 9.1% ($315.5 million) over the FY2003 appropriation
of $3.46 billion. A substantial part of the increase was to meet mandatory expenses
required by law, including additional funding for salaries and related expenses and

CRS-4
increased costs of goods and services for internal operations of legislative branch
agencies.
Hearings on FY2004 Budget Requests. The House and Senate
Committees on Appropriations held most of their hearings on FY2004 legislative
branch agency requests in March, April, and May 2003. An additional hearing is to
be held on the Capitol Visitors’ Center as announced by the chairman of the House
Subcommittee on Legislative, Committee on Appropriations indicated on May 20,
2003. The most recent hearings were held May 20 and 21, 2003, by the House
Subcommittee on Legislative during which Members heard testimony and questioned
the Capitol Police Board and Architect of the Capitol.
Report of FY2004 Bill By House Committee on Appropriations (H.R.
2657). As reported by the House Appropriations Committee on July 1, 2003, the
House bill contained:
! an overall reduction of 1.2% from the FY2003 appropriation for
legislative branch activities, except those of the Senate, to $2.70
billion from $2.73 billion;
! a reduction of 11.8% in the budget of the Capitol Police, to $211.8
million from $240.2 million;
! a reduction of 24.8% in the budget of the Architect of the Capitol,
excluding funds for Senate Office Buildings, to $294.9 million from
$392.3 million;
The Committee marked up the bill and ordered it reported on June 26.
Passage of FY2004 Bill by the House (H.R. 2657). On July 9, the House
passed H.R. 2657 (394-26), with an amendment prohibiting the use of funds in the bill
for supplemental dental and vision health insurance benefits for House Members and
employees. This language was contained an amendment to H.R. 2657 in the nature
of a substitute to the rule providing for consideration of H.R. 2657 (H.Res. 311). The
rule was agreed to by a vote of 411-13.
Report of FY2004 Bill by Senate Committee on Appropriations (S.
1383). As reported in the Senate on July 10, S. 1383 contained:
! an overall increase of 2.7%, for legislative branch operations,
excluding funds for the House, to $2.51 billion from $2.44 billion;
! a slight decrease in the budget for the Capitol Police, to $240.0
million from $240.2 million, which included a reduction in general
expenses account and an 18.6% increase in the salaries account;
! a reduction of 9.6% in the budget of the Architect of the Capitol,
excluding funds for House office buildings, $357.8 million from
$396.2 million; the FY2004 Architect’s figure contains a one-time
appropriation of $47.8 million for the Capitol Visitors’ Center.

CRS-5
Absent the $47.8 million appropriation, the Architect’s budget would
reflect a decrease of 21.7%, to $310.0 million from $396.2 million in
FY2003.
During markup on July 9, the Senate Committee on Appropriations added $1.989
billion in FY2003 emergency supplemental appropriations in a new title, Title III, of
S. 1383. This funding included:
! $1.55 billion for disaster relief, $50 million for NASA (requested by
the President);
! $253 million for wildfire suppression (requested by the President);
and
! $100 million for AmeriCorps (not contained in a presidential
request).
Passage of FY2004 Bill by the Senate (S. 1383; H.R. 2657). On July
11, the Senate passed H.R. 2657, which was amended to contain the language of S.
1383, by a vote of 85-7. The Senate did not consider any amendments relating to
funding for the legislative branch; it did consider amendments relating to programs
funded in the FY2003 emergency supplemental in Title III of H.R. 2657, as added in
the Senate Appropriations Committee.
Earlier Action on the First FY2003 Legislative Branch
Supplemental Appropriations Bill (H.R. 1559; P.L. 108-11)

Soon after approving the FY2003 regular annual legislative branch
appropriations (P.L. 108-7), Congress cleared an FY2003 supplemental (H.R. 1559,
P.L. 108-11) containing $125 million for the legislative branch emergency response
fund.4 Appropriations were made available as follows:
! $11.0 million — House of Representatives, committee employees
(standing committees, special and select), for salaries and expenses;
! $37.8 million — Capitol Police, general expenses, “for increasing
emergency costs of the security requirements for the United States
Capitol Complex related to protecting the occupants and visitors;”
! $111,000 — Office of Compliance, salaries and expenses, “to cover
contracted services of hearings officers and mediators for the
increasing number of hearings;”
! $63.9 million — Architect of the Capitol, Capitol police buildings
and grounds, “for the property purchase, design, and the beginning of
construction for a new Capitol Police headquarters,”
! $5.5 million — Library of Congress, salaries and expenses, “to
implement a public address system for the Library’s buildings to
assure effective communications in all emergency situations;”
! $1.9 million — Library of Congress, Congressional Research Service,
“to support the planning, design, and implementation of the
4 P.L. 108-11, 117 Stat. 586, April 16, 2003.

CRS-6
Congressional Research Service portion of the alternate computer
facilities;”
! $4.9 million — General Accounting Office, salaries and expenses, “to
support the implementation of important security enhancements
required within the GAO facility.”5
Capitol Complex Security — U.S. Capitol Police
Funding Issues. The U.S. Capitol Police are responsible for Capitol complex
security, under the direction of the Capitol Police Board. In recent years, Congress
has undertaken to strengthen the capabilities of the Capitol Police by providing
increased funding. The FY2002 budget was increased by 47.1%, and the FY2003
budget by 38.6%.6 The FY2004 request contains a 14.7% increase of $35.3 million,
to $275.5 million7 from $240.2 million in FY2003.
The Capitol Police are funded in an appropriation containing two accounts:8
! the salaries account, which the House funded at $189.9 million, an
increase of 8.8% from $174.5 million (request was a 25.1% increase);
the Senate funded the account at $207.0 million;
! the general expenses account, for which the House provided $21.9
million, a decrease of 66.6% from $65.7 million (request was a
12.9% decrease); the Senate funded the account at $33.0 million.
A separate appropriation under the account for the Architect of the Capitol
contains $3.3 million for Capitol Police buildings and grounds in both the House and
Senate bills. This represents a significant decrease from the FY2003 appropriation of
$63.9 million, which reflects a FY2003 supplemental appropriation of $40.1 million.

The FY2004 request of the Capitol Police reflected additional funds for Capitol
complex security enhancements including a 14.7% increase for the Capitol Police, and
funds for the Architect of the Capitol, including $61 million for an alternate computer
facility as a backup during an emergency. The Capitol Police revised request of
$275.5 million was a $35.3 million increase over FY2003, and reflects an increase of
5 U.S. Congress, Conference Committees, 2003, Making Supplemental Appropriations for
the Fiscal Year Ending September 30, 2003
, conference report to accompany H.R. 1559,
108th Cong., 1st sess., H.Rept. 108-55 (Washington: GPO, 2003), pp. 38-39.
6 The FY2003 appropriation contains the regular annual appropriation (P.L. 108-7) and a
supplemental of $37.8 million (P.L. 108-11).
7 The revised request differs slightly from the agency’s request listed in the FY2004 table
at the end of this report for all legislative branch agencies.
8 Effective in FY2003, appropriations for Capitol Police salaries and expenses account in
the annual legislative branch appropriation bill are contained in a stand-alone account.
Previously, the appropriation was contained within the joint items account. Also effective
in FY2003, a new account was created for Capitol Police buildings and grounds within the
appropriation for the Architect of the Capitol.

CRS-7
25.1% in the salaries (and related expenses) account and a decrease of 12.9% in the
general expenses account.
The salaries account request contained funds for 301 additional sworn officers
and 346 professionals to “staff all law enforcement areas around the Capitol complex”
and “provide sufficient intelligence capabilities, robust physical security and response
functions as well as adequate administrative and logistical support services within the
Police Department.”9
Capitol Complex Security — Capitol Visitors’ Center
Interest in the construction of the Capitol Visitors’ Center reflects a heightened
interest by some Members of Congress in making the necessary appropriations
available so that construction of the center can be completed in 2005.10 Congressional
leadership broke ground for the center on June 20, 2000, and construction began in
early 2002. Although the FY2004 request does not contain additional funds for the
center, some in Congress are currently reviewing revised construction cost estimates,
which have increased the original budget of $265 million to $373.5 million.11 A total
of $308.5 million in federal appropriations have been made for the center’s
construction, and an additional $65 million in private funds is reportedly available.
Architect of the Capitol Operations
Funding Issues. The House bill contains a 24.8% decrease in the budget of
the Architect of the Capitol, excluding funds for Senate office buildings.
The Senate version contains a decrease of 9.6%, excluding funds for House office
buildings, to $357.8 million from $396.2 million. The FY2004 figure contains an
appropriation of $47.8 million for the Capitol Visitors’ Center. Excluding the center
funding, the FY2004 appropriation represents a reduction of 21.7%, to $310.0 million
from $396.2 million.
The original FY2004 budget proposal for the Architect of the Capitol (AOC) was
$513.9 million, an increase of $57.1 million (12.5%) from $456.8 million in FY2003,
including a FY2003 supplemental of $63.9 million. In addition, the Architect is
9 Written testimony of Terrance Gainer, Chief, U.S. Capitol Police, U.S. Congress, Senate
Committee on Appropriations, Subcommittee on Legislative Branch, Legislative Branch
Appropriations for FY2004
, hearings, 108th Cong., 1st sess., May 1, 2003 (not yet published).
10 For a more detailed discussion on costs of and background on the center, see CRS Report
RL31121, The Capitol Visitors’ Center: An Overview, by Stephen Stathis.
11 Testimony of Alan M. Hantman, Architect of the Capitol, U.S. Congress, Senate
Committee on Rules and Administration, Oversight of the Operations of the Secretary of the
Senate, and Architect of the Capitol
, hearing, 108th Cong., 1st sess., March 19, 2003 (not yet
published).

CRS-8
authorized to use $4.4 million in reimbursements made to his office for utilities
provided to nonlegislative branch agencies.12
Most of the increase was for general administration of activities of the Architect
(+169.0%), maintenance of the Capitol building (+58.8%), and enhancements to the
Botanic Garden (+80.1%). In testimony before the Senate Appropriations Committee
in May 2003, the Architect stated that the most significant factor in the FY2004
budget increase is the purchase of an alternate computer facility to be shared by
legislative branch agencies ($61.0 million).13
The request also reflected a significant decrease for the Capitol police buildings
and grounds appropriation (-95.4%), primarily due to a FY2003 supplemental of $40.1
million for a new police headquarters. Other reductions were to be made in funds for
the Capitol power plant (-17.8%) and maintenance of the Capitol grounds (-15.9%).
Other major projects funded in the FY2004 request include:
! expansion of the west refrigeration plant project, $40.8 million, in
part to prepare for the needs of the Capitol Visitors’ Center to be
completed in 2005;
! design of phase II of the U.S. Capitol building master plan, $26.5
million;
! replacement of high-voltage switchgear in nine buildings of the
Capitol Complex, $18.7 million;
! design of new facilities for the Library of Congress and a condition
assessment of Library buildings and grounds, $18.7 million;
! improvement of Capitol power plant operations, $6.5 million;
! replacement of steam humidifiers in the Hart Senate office building,
$4.7 million;
! refurbishment of Bartholdi Park, $4.3 million;
! preparation of the U.S. Capitol complex master plan, $4.2 million;
! construction of an underground fuel storage tank for the Capitol
power plant, $4.2 million; and
! installation of a fire protection water tank at Fort Meade, Maryland,
$4.1 million.
Structure of Appropriations. Operations of the Architect of the Capitol are
funded in nine accounts. The FY2004 requests for these accounts, and the percentage
changes from FY200314 are
! general administration — $158.6 million (+169.0%);
12 Written testimony of Alan Hantman, Architect of the Capitol, U.S. Congress, Senate
Committee on Appropriations, Subcommittee on Legislative Branch, Legislative Branch
Appropriations for FY2004
, hearings, 108th Cong., 1st sess., May 1, 2003 (not yet published).
13 The Architect was authorized to acquire buildings and facilities for a back-up computer
center, subject to availability of appropriations, in P.L. 107-206, sec. 905(a).
14 The FY2003 figure contains a $63.9 million supplemental contained in P.L. 108-11, 117
Stat. 586, April 16, 2003, FY2003 Emergency Wartime Supplemental Appropriation Act.

CRS-9
! Capitol building — $52.4 million (+58.8%);
! Capitol grounds — $7.0 million (-15.9%);
! Senate office buildings — $66.1 million (+2.5%);
! House office buildings — $66.8 million (+10.1%);
! Capitol power plant — $102.2 million (-17.8%);
! Library buildings and grounds — $47.1 million (+26.4%);
! Capitol Police buildings and grounds — $3.0 million (-95.4%), and,
! Botanic gardens — $10.9 million (+80.1%).
The significant reduction in funds for Capitol Police buildings and grounds
reflects FY2003 partial funding for a new police headquarters, the cost of leasing
temporary space until completion of the headquarters, and construction of a tactical
training facility in Cheltenham, Maryland for sole use of the Capitol Police.15
From time to time, other projects of the Architect may be funded in separate
accounts, as was the case in FY2002, when a separate account contained $70.0 million
for the Capitol Visitors’ Center and a second separate account contained $1.3 million
for the Congressional Cemetery.
House of Representatives
Overall Funding. The FY2004 appropriation for House internal operations
is $1.02 billion, an increase of 5.5% over the FY2003 funding level of $960.9
million,16 and a reduction of 2.4% from the budget request. Most of the increase is for
mandatory expenses, those required by law to meet such expenses as the annual salary
adjustment and related costs, plus increased costs of goods and services. Among
increases are those for
! Members’ representational allowances to assist Members in their
official duties, an increase of 7.9%;
! Office of the Chief Administrative Officer of the House, an increase
of 7.3%; and
! allowances and expenses heading, an increase of 9.2%.
The House bill contains $1.02 billion, a reduction of 2.4% from the amount
requested, and a 5.5% increase over FY2003.
House Committee Funding. The FY2004 appropriation for House
committee operations is $131.0 million, a decrease of 5.5% from the FY2003
appropriation of $138.6 million. The FY2003 appropriation contains an $11 million
FY2003 supplemental.
15 U.S. Congress, Conference Committees, 2003, Making emergency wartime supplemental
appropriations for the fiscal year 2003, and for other purposes
, conference report to
accompany H.R. 1559, 108th Cong., 1st sess., H.Rept. 108-76 (Washington: GPO, 2003), pp.
87-88.
16 The FY2003 figure contains an $11 million supplemental for standing committees (P.L.
108-11, 117 Stat. 586, April 16, 2003, FY2003 Emergency Wartime Supplemental
Appropriation Act).

CRS-10
Funding for House committees is contained in the appropriation heading,
committee employees, that comprises two subheadings. The first subheading contains
funds for personnel and non-personnel expenses of House committees, except the
Appropriations Committee, as authorized by the House in a committee expense
resolution. The FY2004 appropriation is $106.1 million.
The second subheading contains funds for the personnel and non-personnel
expenses of the Committee on Appropriations. The FY2004 appropriation is $24.9
million.
Senate
Overall Senate. The Senate’s FY2004 appropriation of $718.4 million is a
4.1% increase over FY2003 ($663.5 million). Most of the increase funds mandatory
expenses, primarily increased personnel costs required by law. Among increases are
those for:
! official personnel and office expense account, to assist Senators in
their official duties, an increase of 6.8%;
! most activities of the Senate Sergeant at Arms (funded under
“salaries, officers, and employees”), an increase of 6.0%; and
! salaries of all officers and employees, an increase of 7.0%.
Other funding requested includes $5.9 million for a year’s maintenance of recent
security enhancements to the alternate computing facility and temporary assistance in
processing of packages to the Senate until the new mail processing facility off the
Capitol Complex is completed. An additional $4.7 million would support the
Senate’s computer infrastructure.17
Senate Committee Funding.
Appropriations for Senate committees are contained in two Senate accounts:
! the inquiries and investigations account, which contains funds for all
Senate committees except Appropriations ($113.5 million requested
for FY2004); and
! the Committee on Appropriations account ($11.7 million requested
for FY2004).
17 Written testimony of William H. Pickle, Senate Sergeant at Arms, U.S. Congress, Senate
Committee on Appropriations, Subcommittee on Legislative Branch, Legislative Branch
Appropriations for FY2004
, hearings, 108th Cong., 1st sess., May 1, 2003 (not yet published).

CRS-11
Support Agency Funding
Congressional Budget Office. The revised FY2004 request18 of the
Congressional Budget Office (CBO) is $33.6 million, an increase of 5.5%.19 The
request contains funds to allow for 236 positions, including three new positions to
enhance CBO’s “ability to make economic forecasts and project tax receipts;”
continue the agency’s visiting scholars’ program for post doctoral fellows and
academics with specialized expertise; and allow staff promotions and merit increases
and performance-based pay increases for managers and senior analysts who do not
receive annual across the board pay adjustments.
The House bill contains $33.8 million, an increase of 6.0% from FY2003; the
Senate bill contains $33.6 million.
General Accounting Office. The FY2004 revised request20 of the General
Accounting Office (GAO) is $466.6 million in direct appropriations, an increase of
$18.4 million (4.1%) over the FY2003 direct appropriation of $448.2 million. The
original request contained $4.8 million for security enhancements at GAO facilities,
which was approved as a FY2003 supplemental after GAO had submitted its original
request.21 GAO also requested authority to use an additional estimated $6 million in
revenues.
The director of GAO noted during his recent hearings that the increase primarily
funds mandatory pay and uncontrollable costs of goods. The agency’s request, if
enacted, will allow it to maintain an authorized FTE level of 3,269. According to the
director, the FY2004 budget places major emphasis on workforce development,
including additional employee training and development programs to ensure “the
ability to attract, retain and reward high-quality staff.” The budget also contains a
recommendation that Congress pass legislation to “facilitate GAO’s continuing efforts
to recruit and retain top talent, develop a more performance-based compensation
system, realign our workforce, and facilitate our succession planning and knowledge
transfer efforts.”22
18 The revised request differs slightly from the agency’s request listed in the FY2004 table
at the end of this report for all legislative branch agencies.
19 Written testimony of Douglas Holtz-Eakin, Director, Congressional Budget Office, U.S.
Congress, House Committee on Appropriations, Subcommittee on Legislative, Legislative
Branch Appropriations for FY2004
, hearings, 108th Cong., 1st sess., April 9, 2003 (not yet
published). The director noted the request contained $365,000 (1.1% of the request) for the
agency’s required contribution to the Federal Accounting Standards Board. This amount,
however, is expected to be offset by cost reductions for other federal agencies contributing
to the Board, whose contributions will decrease because of CBO’s contribution.
20 The revised request differs slightly from the agency’s request listed in the FY2004 table
at the end of this report for all legislative branch agencies.
21 The $4.8 million appropriation was contained in P.L. 108-11, 117 Stat. 586, April 16,
2003, FY2003 Emergency Wartime Supplemental Appropriations.
22 Written testimony of David Walker, Comptroller General, General Accounting Office,
(continued...)

CRS-12
The House bill contains $458.5 million, an increase of 1.2% from FY2003; the
Senate bill contains $462.1 million.
Library of Congress. The FY2004 request of the Librarian of Congress is
$540.1 million, an increase of $36.9 million (7.3%) from the FY2003 appropriation
of $503.2 million.23 In addition, the Librarian requested congressional authorization
to use $36.5 million in FY2004 from receipts collected by the Copyright Office. The
new budget contains $23.6 million for mandatory personnel and price increase costs
and $48.3 million for program increases (to be offset by $27.4 million for
nonrecurring costs). According to the Librarian, the request is “to improve physical
security and support collections security and management (including the construction
of the national Audio-Visual Conservation Center at Culpeper, VA); to support the
Copyright Office’s reengineering efforts; and to enhance access to Congressional
Research Service (CRS) products and increase CRS research capacity in critical
areas.”24
An additional 124 FTE staff positions are requested, increasing FTE staff to
4,365 from 4,241, primarily to support security and collections.
The House bill contains $522.6 million, a decrease of 3.2% from the request and
an increase of 3.8% over FY2003; the Senate bill contains $522.8 million.
Congressional Research Service. The FY2004 request of the
Congressional Research Service (CRS) is $96.6 million, an $8.4 million increase
(9.5%) over FY2003's appropriation of $88.3 million.25 According to the CRS
director, the request, if enacted, would allow the agency to provide continuity of
operations in the event of an emergency through a “secure technical infrastructure;”
to enhance its “research capability to procure, create, maintain and manipulate the
large data sets upon which CRS analysts rely to conduct their public policy
assessments of legislative proposals and specific program implementation;” and to
make available to managers the means and incentives to “encourage staff retention.”26
22 (...continued)
U.S. Congress, House Committee on Appropriations, Subcommittee on Legislative,
Legislative Branch Appropriations for FY2004, hearings, 108th Cong., 1st sess., April 9,
2003 (not yet published).
23 The FY2003 appropriation contains $495.8 million in regular annual appropriations and
$88.3 million in FY2003 supplemental appropriations.
24 Written testimony of James Billington, Librarian of Congress, U.S. Congress, Senate
Committee on Appropriations, Subcommittee on Legislative Branch, Legislative Branch
Appropriations for FY2004
, hearings, 108th Cong., 1st sess., April 10, 2003 (not yet
published).
25 The FY2003 appropriation contains $86.4 million in regular annual appropriations and
$1.9 million in FY2003 supplemental appropriations.
26 Written testimony of Daniel Mulhollan, Director, Congressional Research Service, U.S.
Congress, Senate Committee on Appropriations, Subcommittee on Legislative Branch,
Legislative Branch Appropriations for FY2004, hearings, 108th Cong., 1st sess., April 10,
(continued...)

CRS-13
To meet these goals, the FY2004 proposed budget contains $3 million to
establish a CRS alternative computing facility, (and related support for continuity of
operations and security of data), $759,000 to establish a “formal structure for data
base management activities,” and $535,000 “to establish incentives to encourage staff
retention.”
The House bill contains $93.6 million, a decrease of 2.7% from the request and
an increase of 6.0% over FY2003; the Senate bill contains $91.7 million.
Government Printing Office. The FY2004 Government Printing Office
(GAO) request of $135.6 million is an increase of $16.5 million (13.9%) over the
FY2003 appropriation of $119.0 million. Funds are appropriated in three accounts
— congressional printing and binding, Office of Superintendent of Documents
(salaries and allowances), and the revolving fund. The agency’s FY2004 budget
request follows:
! Congressional printing and binding — $91.1 million, an increase of
$1.6 million (1.7%) over the FY2003 appropriation of $89.6 million;
! Office of Superintendent of Documents (salaries and expenses)
$34.5 million, an increase of $5.0 million (16.9%) over the
appropriation of $29.5 million;27 and
! Government Printing Office Revolving Fund — $10.0 million.28
The additional $10.0 million is a one-time expense to meet the expenses of a
retirement separation incentive program which the agency implemented in April 2003.
The public printer estimated the resulting savings to be $18.0 million per year after
the investment is made.29
The House bill contains $130.6 million, a decrease of 3.6% from the request and
an increase of 9.6% over FY2003. The FY2004 figure reflects a 1.7% increase in the
congressional printing and binding account, a 16.9% increase in the Office of
Superintendent of Documents (salaries and expenses) account, and a 100% increase
in the revolving fund account (from $0 in FY2003 to $5 million in FY2004). The
Senate bill contains $135.6 million.
26 (...continued)
2003 (not yet published).
27 Of this amount, $4.1 million is requested for upgrades to technology used by GPO Access.
28 Congress last transferred money ($4 million) to the fund in FY2002.
29 Testimony of Bruce R. James, Public Printer, Government Printing Office, U.S.
Congress, House Committee on Appropriations, Subcommittee on Legislative, Legislative
Branch Appropriations for FY2004
, hearings, 108th Cong., 1st sess., May 20, 2003 (not yet
published).

CRS-14
Table 3. Legislative Branch Appropriations, FY2004 (H.R. 2657; S. 1383)
(in thousands of dollars)
FY2004
FY2004
FY2004
FY2003
Request for
FY2004
Entity
House Bill,
Senate Bill,
Enacteda
Legislative/FY2003 for
Conference
As Passed
As Passed
Emerg. Supplementals
Title 1: Legislative Branch Appropriations
Senate
$663,404
$746,249
–d
$718,369
House of Representatives
960,871
1,039,638
1,014,464
–g
Joint Items
17,297
17,877
17,694
19,127
Capitol Policeb
240,208
290,510
211,830
240,000
Office of Compliance
2,157
2,518
2,255
2,255
Congressional Budget Office
31,892
33,993
33,820
33,612
Architect of the Capitol
456,782
513,920
294,933e
357,794h
Library of Congress, Including Congressional
Research Service
503,175
540,135
522,592
522,747
Congressional Printing Office
119,025
135,567
130,567
135,567
General Accounting Office
453,051
467,621
458,533
462,112
Open World Leadership Centerc
12,915
14,815
13,000
14,000
Subtotal, Title 1
3,460,823
3,776,343
2,699,688
2,505,583
Title II: General Provisions
John Stennis Center
298
0
0
0
Congressional Award Act
248
0
0
0
Subtotal, Title II
546
0
0
0

CRS-15
FY2004
FY2004
FY2004
FY2003
Request for
FY2004
Entity
House Bill,
Senate Bill,
Enacteda
Legislative/FY2003 for
Conference
As Passed
As Passed
Emerg. Supplementals
Title III: FY2003 Emergency Supplemental
Dept. of Homeland Security, Disaster Relief Fund
--
1,550,000
--
1,550,000
Independent Agencies, NASA, Human Space Flight
--
50,000
--
50,000
Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Wildland Fire
Management, Fire Suppression
--
253,000
--
253,000
Dept. of Interior, Bureau of Land Management,
Wildland Fire Management, Fire Suppression
--
36,000
--
36,000
Independent Agencies, Corporation for National and
Community Service (AmeriCorps)
--
0
--
100,000
Subtotal, Total III
1,889,000
--
2,044,000i
Total Legislative Branch Only (Titles I and II)
3,461,369
3,776,343
2,699,688f
2,505,583j
Total Legislative Branch and FY2003
Supplemental (Titles I, II, and III)

--
--
--
4,549,583i j
Source: House and Senate Committees on Appropriations.
a. FY2003 funds are contained in (1) P.L. 108-8, FY2003 Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, and (2) P.L. 108-11, FY2003 Emergency Wartime Supplemental
Appropriations Act.
b. This is a new account, effective with the FY2003 legislative appropriation bill. Previously, Capitol Police funds were contained under the joint items account.
c. The center was named the Russian Leadership Program prior to FY2004.
d. The House does not consider appropriations for internal Senate operations.
e. The House does not consider appropriations for Senate office buildings contained in the budget of the Architect of the Capitol.
f. This figure does not contain funds for internal Senate operations, which are funded in a separate account, or for Senate office buildings, which are contained in the
budget of the Architect of the Capitol.
g. The Senate does not consider appropriations for internal House operations.
h. The Senate does not consider appropriations for House office buildings contained in the budget of the Architect of the Capitol.
i. This figure contains $1.989 billion added by the Senate Appropriations Committee and funds added on the Senate floor as follow: $20 million for the Commodity
Credit Corporation, $10 million for the Army Corps of Engineers, and $25 million in additional funds for wildfire suppression.
j. This figure does not contain funds for internal House operations, which are funded in a separate account, or for House office buildings, which are contained in the
budget of the Architect of the Capitol.

CRS-16
Table 4. Capitol Police Appropriations, FY2004 (H.R. 2657; S.
1383)
(in thousands of dollars)
FY2004
FY2004
FY2003
FY2004
FY2004
House Bill,
Senate Bill,
Accounts
Enacteda
Request
Conference
As Passed
As Passed
Salaries, Capitol Police
174,533
218,268
189,913
207,000
General Expenses, Total
65,675
72,242
21,917
33,000
Total, Capitol Police
240,208
290,510
211,830
240,000
Source: House and Senate Committees on Appropriations.
Notes:
a. FY2003 funds are contained in (1) P.L. 108-8, FY2003 Legislative Branch Appropriations Act ($27,917,000), and (2)
P.L. 108-11, FY2003 Emergency Wartime Supplemental Appropriations Act ($37,758,000).
Table 5. Architect of the Capitol Appropriations, FY2004
(H.R. 2657; S. 1383)
(in thousands of dollars)
FY2004
FY2004
FY2003
FY2004
FY2004
Accounts
House Bill,
Senate Bill,
Enacteda
Request
Conference
As Passed
As Passed
Architect of the Capitol
General administration
$58,957
$158,570
$84,513
71,697
Capitol building
32,985
52,368
23,307
27,777
Capitol Grounds
8,302
6,986
6,886
6,986
Senate office buildings
64,449
66,063
–c
63,388
House office buildings
60,564
66,779
54,564
–e
Capitol power plant
124,300
102,157
81,543
88,979
Library buildings and grounds
37,277
47,108
34,750
41,620
Capitol Police buildings and grounds
63,885b
2,970
3,308
3,308
Botanic garden
6,063
10,919
6,062
6,239
Capitol Visitors’ Center
0
0
0
47,800
Total, Architect of the Capitol
456,782
513,920
294,933d 357,794f
Source: House and Senate Committees on Appropriations.
a. FY2003 funds are contained in (1) P.L. 108-8, FY2003 Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, and (2) P.L. 108-11,
FY2003 Emergency Wartime Supplemental Appropriations Act.
b. This figure includes a $40.1 supplemental appropriations contained in P.L. 108-11, FY2003 Emergency
Wartime Supplemental Appropriations Act. The regular annual appropriation was $23.8 million.
c. The House does not consider appropriations for Senate office buildings.
d. This figure does not include appropriations for Senate office buildings.
e. The Senate does not consider appropriations for House office buildings.
f. This figure does not include appropriations for House office buildings.

CRS-17
Table 6. Senate Appropriations, FY2004 (H.R. 2657;S. 1383)
(in thousands of dollars)
FY2004
FY2004
FY2004
FY2003
Accountsa
Enacted
House,
Senate,
Request
Conference
FY2003b
As Passed
As Passed
Payment - Heirs of Deceased Members
150
0

0
Expense Allowances and Representation
158
158

158
Salaries, Officers, and Employees
117,041
127,809

125,307
Office of Legislative Counsel
4,581
4,768

4,843
Office of Legal Counsel
1,176
1,222

1,222
Expense Allowances for Secretary of
Senate, et al.

12
12

24
Contingent Expenses (subtotal)
540,286
612,280

586,815
Inquiries and Investigations
109,450
118,462

118,462
Senate Intl. Narcotics Caucus
520
520

520
Secretary of the Senatec
7,077
1,700

2,265
Sgt. at Arms/Doorkeeperd
114,423
149,969
--
136,843
Miscellaneous Items
18,355
19,268
--
18,425
Senators’ Official Personnel and
Office Expense Account
290,161
322,061
--
310,000
Official Mail Costs
300
300
--
300
Total, Senate
663,404
746,249
--
718,369
Source: House and Senate Committees on Appropriations
a. The Senate account contains seven appropriations headings, which are highlighted in bold.
b. FY2003 funds are contained in (1) P.L. 108-8, FY2003 Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, and (2) P.L. 108-11, FY2003 Emergency wartime
supplemental appropriations act.
c. Office operations of the Office of the Secretary of the Senate are also funded under “Salaries, Officers, and Employees.”
d. Activities of the Office of Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper are also funded under “Salaries, Officers, and Employees.”

CRS-18
Table 7. House of Representatives Appropriations, FY2004 (H.R. 2657)
(108th Congress, 1st Session)
(in thousands of dollars)
FY2004
FY2004
FY2004
FY2004
Accountsa
FY2003
House,
Senate,
Enactedb
Request
Conference
As Passed
As Passed
Payments to Widows and Heirs of Deceased Members of
Congress

0
0
0
Salaries and Expenses, Total
960,871
1,039,638
1,014,464
House Leadership Offices
16,530
17,094
17,094
Members’ Representational
Allowancesc

476,536
523,454
514,454
Committee Employees (subtotal)d
138,621
132,484
130,984
Standing Committees, Special and Select, except
Appropriations
103,421
107,558
106,058
Standing Committees, Special and Select, except
Appropriations, FY2003 supplemental
11,000

--
Appropriations Committee
24,200
24,926
24,926
Salaries, Officers, and Employees (subtotal)
152,027
171,291
158,324
Office of the Clerk
20,032
19,387
18,632
Office of the Sergeant at Arms
5,097
6,471
5,471
Office of Chief Administrative Officer
105,363
123,053
113,141
Office of Inspector General
3,947
4,147
3,847
Office for Emergency Planning, Preparedness,
and Operations
6,000
6,000
5,000
Office of General Counsel
894
926
926
Office of the Chaplain
149
153
153
Office of the Parliamentarian (subtotal)
1,464
1,560
1,560

CRS-19
FY2004
FY2004
FY2004
FY2004
Accountsa
FY2003
House,
Senate,
Enactedb
Request
Conference
As Passed
As Passed
Office of the Parliamentarian
(1,279)
(1,363)
(1,363)
Compilation of House Precedents
(185)
(197)
(197)
Office of the Law Revision Counsel
2,168
2,263
2,263
Office of the Legislative Counsel
5,852
6,233
6,233
Corrections Calendar Office
915
948
948
Other Authorized Employees: Technical
Assistants, Office of Attending Physician
146
150
150
Allowances and Expenses (subtotal)
177,157
195,315
193,608
Supplies, Materials, Administrative Costs and
Federal Tort Claims
3,384
3,975
3,975
Official Mail for committees, leadership,
administrative and legislative offices
410
410
410
Government Contributions
172,673
190,240
188,533
Miscellaneous Items
690
690
690
House of Representatives, Total
960,871
1,039,638
1,014,464
Sources: House Committee on Appropriations
a. The appropriations bill contains two House accounts: (1) payments to widows and heirs of deceased Members of Congress and (2) salaries and expenses.
b. FY2003 funds are contained in (1) P.L. 108-8, FY2003 Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, and (2) P.L. 108-11, FY2003 Emergency Wartime
Supplemental Appropriations Act.
c. This appropriation heading was new in the FY1996 bill. The heading represents a consolidation of (1) the former heading Members’ clerk hire; (2) the former
heading official mail costs; and (3) the former subheading official expenses of Members, under the heading allowances and expenses.
d. This appropriation heading was new in the FY1996 bill. The heading represents a consolidation of (1) the former heading committee employees; (2) the
former heading standing committees, special and select; (3) the former heading Committee on Budget (studies); and (4) the former heading Committee
on Appropriations (studies and investigations).

CRS-20
Table 8. Legislative Branch Budget Authority Contained in Appropriations Acts, FY1995-2002
(Does not include permanent budget authority; in thousands of current dollars)
Note: This table reflects the title structure of the legislative branch appropriation bill prior to the FY2003 bill in which most appropriations were
combined in one title. For purposes of comparison from FY1995 through FY2002, this table follows the former bill structure. An upcoming
version of this report will contain historical data in the new bill structure.

FY1995
F Y1996b
FY1997
FY1998
FY1999c
FY2000j
FY2001k
FY2002
Title I: Congressional Operationsa
Senate
460,581
426,919
441,208 461,055
474,891d
487,370
522,023
641,385
House of Representatives
728,736
670,561
684,098
709,008
740,481e
757,993
830,449
921,507
Joint Items
85,489
81,839
88,581
86,711
204,916f
100,854
121,860
188,204
Office of Compliance
0
2,500
2,609
2,479
2,086
1,992
1,851
2,059
Office of Technology Assessment
21,320
6,115
-
-
-
-
-
-
Congressional Budget Office
23,001
24,288
24,532 24,797
25,671
26,121
28,430
30,780
Architect of the Capitol, except Library
Buildings and Grounds
157,190
142,970
140,674
192,156
289,746g
213,474
194,813
327,593
Congressional Research Service,
Library of Congress
60,084
60,084
62,641
64,603
67,124
70,973
73,430
81,454
Congressional Printing and Binding,
Government Printing Office
84,724
83,770 81,669 81,669
74,465
73,297
81,205
81,000
U.S. Capitol Historical Society
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,000
Total, Title I
1,621,125
1,499,046
1,526,012
1,622,478
1,879,380
1,732,211
1,854,061
2,274,982
Title II: Other Agenciesa
Botanic Garden
3,230
3,053
36,402
3,016
3,052
3,438
3,321
5,646
Library of Congress, except CRS
262,866
264,616 269,117 282,309
296,516
323,380
438,297
407,709
Architect, Library Buildings and
Grounds
12,483
12,428 9,753 11,573
13,672h
19,857
15,935
21,753
Architect, Capitol Visitors’ Center
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
70,000

CRS-21
FY1995
F Y1996b
FY1997
FY1998
FY1999c
FY2000j
FY2001k
FY2002


Architect, Cong. Cemetery
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,250
Government Printing Office, except
Congressional Printing and Binding
31,607
30,307 29,077 29,077
29,264
29,872
33,893
33,639
General Accounting Office
446,743
374,406
332,520
339,499
359,268i
377,561
384,020
429,444
Center for Russian Leadership
Development
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8,000
Total, Title II
756,929
684,810
676,869
665,474
701,771
754,108
875,466
977,441
Grand Total
2,378,054
2,183,856
2,202,881
2,287,952
2,581,152
2,486,319
2,729,527
3,252,423
Sources: Budget authorities for FY1995-FY2002 are from the House Appropriations Committee. FY1995 budget authorities reflect rescissions and a supplemental contained in P.L.
104-19, 109 Stat. 219-221, July 27, 1995, FY1995 Supplemental and Rescissions Act (H.R. 1944). FY1996 budget authorities reflect rescissions contained in P.L. 104-208, 110 Stat.
3009-510-511, Sept. 30, 1996, FY1997 Omnibus Consolidated Appropriations Act (H.R. 3610). FY1998 budget authorities represent supplementals contained in P.L. 105-174, May
1, 1998, and an $11 million transfer to the Government Printing Office (GPO) from the GPO revolving fund. FY1999 budget authorities contain emergency supplemental appropriations
in P.L. 105-277, and supplemental appropriations in P.L. 106-31. FY2000 budget authorities contain a supplemental and a 0.38% rescission in P.L. 106-113. Totals reflect rounding.
FY1999 budget authority contains $223.7 million in emergency supplemental appropriations (P.L. 105-277), and $3.8 million for expenses of a House page dormitory and $1.8 million
for expenses of life safety renovations to the O’Neill House Office Building (P.L. 106-31). The FY1999 appropriation also contains a rescission of $3.5 million, and a supplemental
for the same amount in P.L. 106-31.
The legislative branch appropriations acts do not contain permanent federal funds or permanent trust funds. Permanent federal funds were: FY1995, $343,000; FY1996, $302,000;
FY1997, $325,000; FY1998, $333,000; FY1999, $358,000; and FY2000, $279,000. Permanent trust funds were: FY1995, $16,000; FY1996, $31,000; FY1997, $29,000; FY1998,
$29,999; FY1999, $47,000; and FY2000, $51,000. Sources are the U.S. Budget and the House and Senate Committees on Appropriations.
The formula for conversion to constant dollars is as follows: 2001 Consumer Price Index (CPI) number divided by each year’s CPI number multiplied by that year’s budget
authority. Source for 1995-2000 index figures is the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Source for 2001 estimate is the Congressional Budget Office.
Notes:
a. Prior to FY1978, the legislative branch appropriations act contained numerous titles. Effective in FY1978, Congress restructured the legislative bill so that it would “more adequately
reflect actual costs of operating the U.S. Congress than has been true in the past years” (H.Rept. 95-450, FY1978 Legislative Appropriations). As a result, the act was divided
into two titles. Title I, Congressional Operations, was established to contain appropriations for the actual operation of Congress. Title II, Related Agencies, was established to
contain the budgets for activities not considered as providing direct support to Congress. Periodically, the act has contained additional titles for such purposes as capital
improvements and special one-time functions.
b. FY1996 figures contain rescissions in the Omnibus Consolidated Appropriations Act, FY1997 (P.L. 104-208, Sept. 28, 1996). Provisions applicable to legislative branch budget
authority in P.L. 104-208 appear in Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 142, Sept. 28, 1996, pp. H11778-H11779.

CRS-22
c. Includes budget authority contained in the FY1999 regular annual Legislative Branch Appropriations Act (P.L. 105-275), $223.7 million in FY1999 emergency supplemental
appropriations in P.L. 105-277, and $5.6 million in FY1999 supplemental appropriations in P.L. 106-31.
d. Includes $5.5 million in emergency supplementals under the sergeant at arms for completion of Year-2000 computer conversion (P.L. 105-277).
e. Includes $6.373 million in emergency supplementals under the chief administrative officer for completion of Year — 2000 computer conversion (P.L. 105-277), and includes a
rescission of $3.5 million from the House heading “salaries, officers, and employees” and a supplemental appropriation of $3.5 million for the chief administrative officer for
replacement of the House payroll system (P.L. 106-31).
f. Includes $106,782,000 for emergency security enhancements funded under the Capitol Police Board’s general expenses account (P.L. 105-277). The total Joint Items figure also
includes $2 million for the Trade Deficit Review Commission.
g. This figure includes $100 million for design and construction of a Capitol visitors’ center, funded under the Architect of the Capitol’s Capitol buildings account, in “salaries and
expenses” (P.L. 105-277), and includes $3.8 million for expenses of a House page dormitory and $1.8 million for expenses for life safety renovations to the O’Neill House Office
Building (P.L. 106-31).
h. Includes $1 million for the Congressional Cemetery.
i. Includes $5 million in emergency supplemental appropriations under the salaries and expenses account of the General Accounting Office for completion of the Year-2000 computer
conversion (P.L. 105-277).
j. Includes regular annual appropriations (P.L. 106-57) and a 0.38% rescission and supplemental in P.L. 106-113.
k. This column contains: (1) FY2001 regular annual appropriations contained in H.R. 5657, legislative branch appropriations bill; FY2001 supplemental appropriations of $118 million
and a 0.22% across-the-board rescission contained in H.R. 5666, miscellaneous appropriations bill; and (3) FY2001 supplemental appropriations of $79.5 million contained in
H.R. 2216 (P.L. 107-20). H.R. 5657 and H.R. 5666 were incorporated by reference in P.L. 106-554, FY2001 Consolidated Appropriations Act. The first FY2001 legislative
branch appropriations bill, H.R. 4516, was vetoed Oct. 30, 2000.

CRS-23
Table 9. Legislative Branch Budget Authority Contained in Appropriations Acts, FY1995-FY2002
(Does not include permanent budget authority; in thousands of constant 2002 (est.) dollars)
FY1995
FY1996b
FY1997
FY1998
FY1999c
FY2000j
FY2001k
FY2002
Title I: Congressional Operationsa
Senate
549,473
494,372
499,448
514,076
518,106
514,176
535,596
641,385
House of Representatives
869,382
776,510
774,399
790,544
807,865
799,683
852,041
921,507
Joint Items
101,988
94,770
100,274
96,683
223,563
106,401
125,029
188,204
Office of Compliance
-
2,895
2,953
2,764
2,276
2,102
1,900
2,059
Office of Technology
Assessment
25,435
7,081
-
-
-
-
-
-
Congressional Budget Office
27,440
28,126
27,770
27,649
28,007
27,558
29,170
30,780
Arch. of the Capitol, except
Library Buildings and Grounds
187,528
165,559
159,243
214,254
316,113
225,215
199,879
327,593
Congressional Research
Service, Library of Congress
71,680
69,577
70,910
72,033
73,233
74,877
75,340
81,454
Congressional Printing and
Binding, Government Printing
Office
101,076
97,006
92,449
91,061
81,242
77,329
83,317
81,000
U.S. Capitol Historical Society
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,000
Total, Title I
1,934,002
1,735,896
1,727,446
1,809,064
2,050,405
1,827,341
1,902,272
2,274,982
Title II: Other Agencies a
Botanic Garden
3,853
3,535
41,207
3,363
3,330
3,627
3,408
5,646
Library of Congress, except
CRS
313,599
306,425
304,640
314,775
323,499
341,166
449,693
407,709
Architect, Library
Buildings/Grounds
14,892
14,392
11,040
12,904
14,917
20,950
16,350
21,753
Architect, Capitol Visitors
Center
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
70,000
Architect, Cong. Cemetery
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,250

CRS-24
FY1995
FY1996b
FY1997
FY1998
FY1999c
FY2000j
FY2001k
FY2002
Government Printing Office,
except Congressional Printing
and Binding
37,707
35,096
32,915
32,421
31,927
31,515
34,775
33,639
General Accounting Office
532,964
433,562
376,413
378,542
391,962
398,327
394,005
429,444
Center for Russian Leadership
Development -
-
-
-
-
-
-
8,000
Total, Title II
903,016
793,010
766,216
742,005
765,635
795,585
898,231
977,441
Grand Total
2,837,018
2,528,906
2,493,662
2,551,069
2,816,040
2,622,926
2,800,503
3,252,423
See notes at end of Table 8.

CRS-25
For Additional Reading
CRS Reports
CRS Report RL31012. Legislative Branch Appropriations for FY2002, by Paul
Dwyer.
CRS Report RL30212. Legislative Branch Appropriations for FY2001, by Paul
Dwyer.
CRS Report 98-212. Legislative Branch Appropriations for FY2000, by Paul Dwyer.
Selected Web Sites
These sites contain information on the FY2003 and FY2004 legislative branch
appropriations requests and legislation, and the appropriations process.
House Committee on Appropriations
[http://www.house.gov/appropriations]
Senate Committee on Appropriations
[http://www.senate.gov/~appropriations/]
CRS Appropriations Products Guide
[http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/apppage.shtml]
Congressional Budget Office
[http://www.cbo.gov]
General Accounting Office
[http://www.gao.gov]
Office of Management & Budget
[http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/]