Order Code RL31299
Report for Congress
Received through the CRS Web
Budget FY2003:
A Chronology with Internet Access
Updated February 11, 2003
Justin Murray
Information Research Specialist
Information Research Division
Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress

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Budget FY2003: A Chronology with Internet Access
Summary
This is a select chronology and finding guide for information on congressional
and presidential actions and documents related to major budget events in the FY2003
budget (October 1, 2002-September 30, 2003). Brief information is provided that
identifies the President’s budget actions, congressional budget resolutions,
appropriations measures (regular, continuing, supplementals, and rescissions), budget
reconciliation, House and Senate votes, publications, hearing testimony, charts, and
tables.
Congressional users of the online version of this report can click on highlighted
sections to retrieve the full-text of CRS products, documents, publications,
testimony, and data tables. This report is available from the CRS Web site,
A p p r o p r i a t i o n s / B u d g e t f o r F Y 2 0 0 3 , a t
[http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/apppage.shtml]. Internet addresses are
provided in the printed copy of this report, so that the reader can consult cited
information.
Examples of Internet connections to full-text material found in this report
include CRS products on the budget process, reconciliation, and each of the 13
appropriations bills, as well as Congressional Budget Office (CBO) publications
including the Economic and Budget Outlook: Fiscal Years 2003-2012, and General
Accounting Office (GAO) reports such as Federal Debt: Answers to Frequently
Asked Questions.
Other Internet links provide data tables and charts on the budget and debt,
selected congressional testimony, bills, reports, and public laws for FY1999-FY2003
appropriations legislation.
If Internet access is not available, addresses and phone numbers are listed for
congressional committees and executive branch agencies mentioned in this report,
and the sources of other publications are given. This chronology will be updated as
relevant events occur.

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Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Chronology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Where Can I Find ... on the Internet? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Appropriations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Budget . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Financial Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Cost Estimates of Legislation (CBO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Glossaries of Appropriations and Budget Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Statements of Administration Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Executive Agency Budget Sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Selected CRS Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
CRS Budget Fact Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
List of Tables
Table 1. Budget Resolution Chart of Legislative Action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Table 2. Addresses and Phone Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

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Budget FY2003:
A Chronology with Internet Access
Introduction
For Legislation:
Congressional offices should use the Legislative Information Service
(LIS) [http://www.congress.gov/].
Public should use THOMAS [http://thomas.loc.gov/].
Appropriations Status: An overview and summary of the status of all
appropriations bills, providing bill and public law numbers, dates of passage,
votes, and hypertext links to full texts of the bills, public laws, and related
reports. [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/appover.shtml]
CRS Appropriations/Budget Products: There is a CRS report on each of
the 13 appropriations bills for FY2003 for Members of Congress and their
staffs only. [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/apppage.shtml]
The federal budget cycle for FY2003 began in July 2001 when the Office of
Management and Budget issued Circular No. A11 to the heads of all executive
departments and establishments, giving instructions on preparing FY2003 budget
requests. After review, analysis, and negotiation, the President’s budget is prepared
and submitted to Congress. See CRS Report 98-721, Introduction to the Federal
Budget Process, for information on the congressional budget process timetable.
Federal agency Internet sites are provided below. CRS publications cited in this
report may be obtained by congressional staff on the CRS Web site at
[http://www.crs.gov] by entering the CRS product number in the “Search All
Products” box.
Constituents do not have access to the electronic version of this report but may
use the printed copy to obtain information on budget publications. Many of the listed
publications and resources in this report may be obtained through THOMAS
[http://thomas.loc.gov/], the public version of the legislative Web site or other federal
agency Web sites listed in the report. Printed copies of many of the materials may
also be found in libraries that are depositories for government publications.
Addresses of the closest depository libraries can often be obtained through a local
library or from the office of Depository Services of the U.S. Government Printing
Office, (202) 512-1119. Those with access to the Internet may prefer to get addresses
from the GPO Access Web site’s Locate Federal Depository Libraries page, which
can be searched by state or area code at [http://www.gpo.gov/libraries].

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CRS-2
Acronyms used in this report include Congressional Budget Office, (CBO);
General Accounting Office, (GAO); and Congressional Record, (CR).
Locating Agencies, Departments, and Programs in Appropriations Bills
“I’m looking for a particular program, but I don’t know which appropriation bill
it’s in.” Indexes for finding specific entities in the 13 appropriations bills can be
consulted at [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/appprogs.shtml].
Status
Table 1. Budget Resolution Chart of Legislative Action
Conference Report
FY2003 Budget Resolutions and Votesa
H.Rept.
House
Senate
H.Con.Res. 353, H.Rept.
S.Con.Res. 100, S.Rept.
107-376; passed by a vote of
107-141.
221-209, H. Vote 79, CR
3/20/02, p. H1037.
Note: The President does not sign congressional budget resolutions.
a. H.Res. 428 deemed the House-passed budget resolution, H.Con.Res. 353, as effective for the
purposes of budget enforcement in the House for the current budget cycle. The Senate budget
resolution measure, S.Con.Res. 100, was reported out of committee on April 11, 2002, but as
of the date of release of this report, has not been considered on the Senate floor. For more
information on House and Senate budget resolution actions for FY2003, see CRS Report
RL31443, The “Deeming Resolution:” A Budget Enforcement Tool, by Robert Keith.
Chronology
Internet addresses for the House and Senate Budget Committees, Congressional
Budget Office publication Monthly Budget Review, House and Senate
Appropriations Committees, where many of the documents listed below may be
obtained electronically, appear in the “Where Can I Find ... on the Internet?” section
of this report below.
01/09/02–CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.1
01/23/02–CBO releases The Budget and Economic Outlook: Fiscal Year 2003-2012.
The CBO projected a deficit of $21 billion in fiscal year 2002 in contrast to the $127
billion surplus reported at the end of FY2001 on September 30, 2001. CBO cites the
economic recession and recent legislative actions as sharply reducing revenues over
the past 12 months. For the current 10-year projection period, 2003 through 2012,
CBO estimated a total surplus of $2.3 trillion. However, almost half of that total
1 The CBO Monthly Budget Review reports budget activities from the previous month.

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CRS-3
comes from the surpluses projected for 2011 and 2012—the last 2 years of the
projection period and thus the most uncertain.
[http://www.cbo.gov/showdoc.cfm?index=3277&sequence=0&from=7]
01/23/02–House Budget Committee hearing: Congressional Budget Office
Projections. Testimony from CBO Director Dan Crippen.
01/23/02–Senate Budget Committee hearing: Budget and Economic Outlook.
Testimony by CBO Director Dan Crippen.
01/24/02–Hearing: The State of the Economy. Testimony by Alan Greenspan
chairman, Federal Reserve Board.
02/04/02—President’s FY2003 Budget released. For a description of, and
access to the budget documents, supporting documents, and spreadsheet files, go
to [http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/budget/].2
These documents are also available on the U.S. Government Printing Office
(GPO) “OMB FY2003" Web site at
[http://w3.access.gpo.gov/usbudget/fy2003/maindown.html].
Search across budget documents on the GPO FY2003 Budget Web site:
[http://w3.access.gpo.gov/usbudget/fy2003/fy2003_srch.html].
GPO—Printed copies of budget documents are sold by the GPO. Prepaid orders
are accepted by phone at (202-512-1800) or fax (202-512-2250) with the following
credit cards: Discover/NOVUS, Mastercard, or VISA. Prepaid written orders are
also accepted at: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington, D.C. 20402. These are the FY2003 documents:
Budget of the United States Government, FY2003
S/N, 041-001-00571-4, $64
Analytical Perspectives, FY2003
S/N 041-001-00573-1, $51.50
Budget of the United States Government—Appendix FY2003
S/N, 041-001-00572-2, $67
Budget System and Concepts, FY2003 Budget CD-ROM,
S/N, 041-001-00575-7, $3.50
Historical Tables, FY2003
S/N, 041-001-00575-9, $41
02/05/02–Senate Budget Committee hearing: The President’s Budget for FY2003.
Testimony by OMB Director Mitchell Daniels.
02/05/02–House Budget Committee hearing: Administration’s Fiscal Year 2003
Budget. Testimony by OMB Director Mitchell Daniels and Treasury Secretary Paul
O’Neil.
2 Information on electronic and print copy availability of FY2003 Budget documents is
provided in CRS Report RS21197, FY2003 Budget and Related Documents: Internet Access
and GPO Availability.

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CRS-4
02/06/02–Hearing: Department of Treasury Budget Priorities for FY2003.
Testimony by Paul O’Neil, secretary of the treasury.
02/06/02–Senate Budget Committee hearing: The President’s FY2003 Budget
Proposals. Testimony by Jacob Lew, former OMB director, and Robert Bixby,
executive director of the Concord Coalition.
02/07/02–Hearing: The President’s FY2003 Budget and Revenue Proposals.
Testimony by Paul O’Neil, secretary of the treasury.
02/11/02–CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
02/12/02–House Budget Committee hearing: Department of Defense Budget
Priorities for FY2003. Testimony by Paul D. Wolfowitz, deputy secretary of
defense.
02/12/02–Senate Budget Committee hearing: The President’s FY2003 Budget
Proposal. Testimony by Colin Powell, secretary of state.
02/13/02–Hearing: The President’s FY2003 Budget Proposal. Testimony by
Paul Wolfowitz, deputy secretary of Defense, and Dov Zakhiem, undersecretary
of defense.
02/14/02–Hearing: The President’s FY2003 Budget Proposal. Testimony by
Tommy Thompson, secretary, Department of Health and Human Services.
02/27/022–Senate Budget Committee hearing: Long Term Budgetary Outlook.
Testimony by David Walker, comptroller general, General Accounting Office.
02/28/02–House Budget Committee hearing: Department of Health and Human
Services Budget Priorities for FY2003. Testimony by Tommy Thompson, secretary,
Department of Health and Human Services, and CBO Director Dan Crippen.
03/06/02–Senate Budget Committee hearing: CBO Analysis of the President’s
Proposals for FY2003. Testimony by CBO Director Dan Crippen,.
03/06/02–House Budget Committee hearing: Department of Agriculture Budget
Priorities for FY2003. Testimony by Ann Veneman, secretary, Department of
Agriculture.
03/07/02–House Budget Committee hearing: Department of State Budget Priorities
for FY2003. Testimony by Colin Powell, secretary, Department of State.
03/08/02–CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
03/15/02–House Budget Committee files H.Rept. 107-376, accompanying
H.Con.Res. 353, the marked-up House Budget resolution.

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CRS-5
03/18/02–An Analysis of the President’s Budgetary Proposals for Fiscal Year 2003
released by the Congressional Budget Office.
03/20/02–House passes H.Con.Res. 353. The House budget resolution measure
passed the House by a vote of 221-209, roll call vote #79.
04/10/02–CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
04/11/02–Senate Budget Committee files Senate Report 107-141 accompanying
S.Con.Res. 100, the marked-up Senate budget resolution.3
05/02/02–House Budget Committee hearing: Congressional Budget Office Role and
Performance. Testimony by CBO Director Dan Crippen.
05/09/02–CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
05/22/02–House passes H.Res. 428, a special rule for H.R. 4775, the Supplemental
Appropriations Act by a vote of 216-209, roll call vote #194. Section 2 of H.Res.
428 made H.Con.Res. 353, passed by the full House on March 20, effective for
purposes of budget enforcement in the House. The House’s action on H.Res. 428
had no effect on budget enforcement in the Senate. (See also Table 1 in this report.)
05/24/02–House passes H.R. 4775, the FY2002 Supplemental Appropriations Act;
H.Rept. 107-480, roll call vote #206, 280-138. On March 21, 2002, President Bush
requested $27.1 billion in emergency supplemental funding to continue the war on
terrorism, provide additional assistance to New York City, and provide additional
funding for aviation security and homeland security needs. The House
Appropriations Committee mark-up of the bill totaled $29.4 billion. During debate
on floor passage, the House was unable to reach agreement on raising the debt limit.
The House Rules Committee included “place holder” language in the final House bill
declaring that “the U.S. Government shall take all necessary steps to protect the full
faith and credit of the government.”4
06/07/02–Senate passes H.R. 4775 after incorporating the text of S. 2551 into H.R.
4775, roll call vote #145, 71-22. The Senate struck all language after the enacting
clause of the House-passed H.R. 4775, inserted the text of S. 2551 (S.Rept. 107-156),
and passed the measure with amendments. The Senate mark-up of the bill totaled
$31.4 billion.
3 As of the publication of this report, the Senate has not considered S.Con.Res. 100 on the
floor. The Senate failed to pass legislation comparable to Section 2 of H.Res. 428, the
House-passed budget resolution.
4 The rule appears on the House Rules Committee Internet site.
See [http://www.house.gov/rules/107rule4775.htm].

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CRS-6
06/11/02–Senate passes S. 2578, a stand-alone measure to raise the debt limit by
$450 billion, roll call vote #148, 68-29.5
06/14/02–CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
06/19/02–House Budget Committee hearing: Social Security Long Term Budget
Implications. Testimony by David Walker, comptroller general of the United States.
06/24/02–House Appropriations Committee Chairman Young releases proposed
FY2003 302(B) subcommittee allocations. The allocations are ratified by the full
Committee and may be adjusted several times per year.
[http://www.house.gov/appropriations/news/107_2/03302b1.htm]
06/27/02–House passes S. 2578, a stand alone measure to raise the debt limit by $450
billion, on a vote of 215-214 (roll call vote # 279), with one Member voting present.
06/28/02–President signs P. L. 107-189 (S. 2578), a bill to increase the statutory
federal debt limit by $450 billion to $6.4 trillion.
07/10/02–CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
07/15/02–OMB releases the Mid-Session Review. This publication includes an OMB
deficit estimate for FY2002 of $165 billion, $59 billion more than its estimate from
early 2002. The OMB estimates, “... a return to the pre-recession pattern of
surpluses in FY2005, and growing surpluses thereafter.”
[http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/budget/fy2003/msr02.html]
07/16/02–House Budget Committee hearing: Mid-Session Budget Review.
Testimony by OMB Director Mitchell Daniels.
07/23/02–Senate Appropriations Committee releases S.Rept. 107-217, Further
Revised Allocation to Subcommittees of Budget Totals for Fiscal Year 2002.
08/02/02–President signs the Supplemental Appropriations Act, P. L. 107-206 (H.R.
4775). On July 18, House and Senate conferees agreed to a $28.9 billion spending
package, including $14.5 billion for the Department of Defense, $6.7 billion for
homeland security, $5.5 billion for assistance to New York, $2.1 billion for foreign
assistance and embassy security, and funds for nonterrorism related expenditures.
The House agreed to the conference report (H.Rept. 107-593) by a vote of 397-32 on
July 23, roll call vote #328, and the Senate agreed to the conference report on July
24 by a vote of 97-2, roll call vote #188. This legislation includes $5.1 billion in
contingent emergency funding. The President has 30 days after enactment date to
decide whether to designate all or none of the $5.1 billion as emergency funding.
08/09/02–CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
5 See CRS Report RS21111, The Debt Limit: The Need to Raise It After Four Years of
Surpluses.

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CRS-7
8/13/02–President Bush announces that he will not use the $5.1 billion of contingent
emergency funding designated in P.L. 107-206.
08/27/02–CBO releases the Budget and Economic Outlook: An Update
[http://www.cbo.gov/showdoc.cfm?index=3735&sequence=0]
CBO’s update to the Budget and Economic Outlook released in January notes that a
sharp decline in tax revenues, coupled with double-digit growth in spending, will
produce a deficit of about $157 billion in FY2002 “and $145 billion in FY2003.
CBO projects a series of gradually declining deficits for 2002 through 2005 under
current policies. CBO projects $678 billion less in federal revenues for the 10-year
period and that under current baseline assumptions, federal surpluses will reappear
by the end of the period.
09/04/02–Senate Budget Committee hearing: The Budget and Economic Outlook an
Update. Testimony by CBO Director Dan Crippen.
09/06/02–Senate Budget Committee hearing: OMB’s Mid-Session Review and the
Budget & Economic Outlook. Testimony by OMB Director Mitchell Daniels.
09/10/02–CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
09/12/02–House Budget Committee hearing: Economic Outlook and the Federal
Budget. Testimony by Alan Greenspan, chairman, Federal Reserve Board.
09/30/02–President signs the first Continuing Appropriations Act for FY2003, P.L.
107-229. This legislation provides continuing appropriations for all agencies at the
FY2002 level from October 1 through October 4.
10/04/02–President signs the second Continuing Appropriations Act for FY2003,
P.L. 107-235. This legislation provides continuing appropriations for all agencies at
the FY2002 level through October 11, 2002.
10/09/02–CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
10/11/02–President signs the third Continuing Appropriations Act for FY2003, P.L.
107-240. This legislation provides continuing appropriations for all agencies at the
FY2002 level through October 18, 2002.
10/16/02–Senate agrees to restore and extend the PAYGO rule through April 15,
2003. The Senate PAYGO rule generally requires that any legislation increasing
direct spending or reducing revenues be offset. The Senate agreed by unanimous
consent to S.Res. 304, as amended by the modified amendment S.Amdt. 4886, on
October 16. For more information on legislation involving PAYGO, see CRS Report
RS21316, Budget Enforcement Procedures: Senate Pay-As-You-Go (PAYGO) Rule,
by Bill Heniff, Jr.
10/18/02–President signs the fourth Continuing Appropriations Act for FY2003, P.L.
107-244. This legislation provides continuing appropriations for all agencies at the
FY2002 level through November 22, 2002.

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CRS-8
10/23/02–President signs the Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2003, P.L.
107-248.
10/23/02–President signs the Military Construction Appropriations Act, 2003, P.L.
107-249.
10/25/02–The Administration releases final budget results for FY2002. A joint
statement by Treasury Secretary Paul O’Neil and OMB Director Mitchell Daniels
notes an actual budget deficit of $159 billion, total receipts of $1,853 billion, and
total outlays of $2,012 billion for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2002.
[http://www.ustreas.gov/press/releases/po3578.htm]
11/08/02–CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
11/23/02–President signs the fifth Continuing Appropriations Act for FY2003, P.L.
107-294. This legislation provides continued appropriations at the FY2002 level
from November 22, 2002, through January 11, 2003.
12/10/02–CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
01/10/03–President signs the sixth Continuing Appropriations Act for FY2003, P.L.
108-2. This legislation provides continued appropriations at the FY2002 level from
January 11, 2003, through January 31, 2003.
01/10/03–CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
01/31/03–President signs the seventh Continuing Appropriations Act for FY2003,
P.L. 108-4. This legislation provides continued appropriations at the FY2003 level
from January 31, 2003, through February 7, 2003.
02/11/03–President signs the eighth Continuing Appropriations Act for FY2003, P.L.
108-5. This legislation provides continued appropriations at the FY2002 level from
February 7, 2003, through February 20, 2003.
Where Can I Find ... on the Internet?
Links to other useful sources on the Internet not previously cited in this report.
Appropriations
Full-text FY1997-2003 Appropriations Bills, Reports, Laws
[http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/legislation/appro03.html]
[http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/legislation/appro02.html]
[http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/legislation/appro01.html]
[http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/legislation/appro00.html]
[http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/legislation/99appro.html]
[http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/legislation/98appro.html]
[http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/legislation/97appro.html]

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House and Senate Appropriations Committees Home Pages
[http://www.house.gov/appropriations/]
[http://www.senate.gov/~appropriations/ ]
Appropriations “Seven-Day-After Reports,” issued by the White House on
appropriations legislation within seven days of enactment.
[http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/legislative/7day/index.html]
Discretionary Appropriations (CBO). Estimates of discretionary appropriations,
budget authority, and outlays. (Located on the CBO Web site under “Data
Highlights.”) [http://www.cbo.gov/]
Unauthorized Appropriations and Expiring Authorizations (CBO). “The
purpose of the report is to help the Congress adopt authorizing legislation that should
be in place before it considers the 13 regular appropriation bills for FY2003, which
begins October 1, 2003.”
[http://www.cbo.gov/byclasscat.cfm?class=0&cat=6]
Budget
Budget and Supporting Documents
[http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/budget/index.html]
Budget Amendments and Supplementals
[http://w3.access.gpo.gov/usbudget/fy2003/amndsup.html]
Supplemental Appropriations in the 1990s
Report by the CBO covering FY990 through FY1999, issued March 2001.
[http://www.cbo.gov/showdoc.cfm?index=2768&sequence=0&from=7]
Budget Time Line
[http://www.senate.gov/~budget/republican/reference/cliff_notes/cliffape.htm]
Congressional Budget Office (CBO)
[http://www.cbo.gov/]
Congressional Committees
House and Senate Budget Committees Web sites
[http://www.house.gov/budget/]
[http://www.senate.gov/~budget/]
House and Senate Appropriations Committees Web sites
[http://www.house.gov/appropriations/]
[http://appropriations.senate.gov/]
House Ways and Means Committee Web site
[http://www.house.gov/ways_means/]
Senate Finance Committee Web site
[http://www.senate.gov/~finance/]

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CRS-10
Monthly Budget Review
Access to the current edition and archives of the Monthly Budget Review (CBO). Go
to the CBO Web site and click on the Monthly Budget Review link under the
“Budget and Economic Information” banner.
[http://www.cbo.gov/]
Financial Statements
Financial Management Service (U.S. Treasury)
Access to the Monthly Treasury Statement, Treasury Bulletin, Financial Report of
the United States Government, and Annual Report of the U.S. Government.
[http://www.fms.treas.gov/fmsnews.html]
Financial Statements of the U.S. Government
Access to federal financial statements.
[http://fms.treas.gov/cfs/]
General Accounting Office (GAO)
[http://www.gao.gov/]
Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
[http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/]
Debt
“Debt to the Penny.” The Bureau of the Public Debt provides daily and historical
data.
[http://www.publicdebt.treas.gov/opd/opdpenny.htm]
The gross federal debt as of September 30, 2002, was $6,228,235,965,597.16.
The debt as of September 28, 2001, the end of FY2001, was $5,807,463,412,200.06.
“Debt held by the Public.” Federal debt consists of two components: debt held by
the public and debt held by intragovernmental holdings such as Social Security and
other trust funds.
[http://www.publicdebt.treas.gov/opd/opdpdodt.htm]
The debt held by the public as of September 30, 2002, was $3,553,180,247,874.74.
The debt held by the public as of September 28, 2001, was $3,339,310,176,094.74.
This component of the gross federal debt was reduced by $453 billion between the
beginning of FY1998 and the end of FY2001.
Debt Per Capita
To find the debt per capita, divide the debt by the population, using these two sites:
[http://www.publicdebt.treas.gov/opd/opdpenny.htm]
[http://www.census.gov/cgi-bin/popclock].
Federal Debt: Answers to Frequently Asked Questions—An Update (GAO) is
an “... attempt to provide the information in a clear, concise and easily

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CRS-11
understandable manner for a nontechnical audience.” GAO/OCG-99-27, May 28,
1999.
[http://www.access.gpo.gov/su_docs/aces/aces160.shtml]
(Type “OCG-99-27" in Report Number Box.)
CRS Reports
CRS Report RS20645. Changes in Federal Debt, 1996-2001.
CRS Report RS21111. The Debt Limit: The Need To Raise It After Four Years of
Surpluses. This report explains the increase in federal debt subject to limit since
1997, leading to the Administration’s December 2001 request to Congress to
raise the statutory debt limit by $750 billion.
CRS Report RL31590. The Federal Government Debt: Its Size and Economic
Significance. This report examines the various ways of measuring the federal
debt and includes figures on who owns the federal debt.
CRS Report RL30520. The National Debt: Who Bears Its Burden? Includes a
statistical overview for FY1980-FY2004 showing federal outlays and receipts,
deficits or surpluses, and the debt and interest on the debt in billions of dollars
and as a percent of GDP.
Cost Estimates of Legislation (CBO)
“CBO prepares cost estimates and mandates statements for all bills ordered reported
by a full committee of the Congress ... Unless listed separately, intergovernmental
and private-sector mandates statements for each bill are included in the cost
estimate.” Search by bill number, word or phrase, committee, or budget function.
[http://www.cbo.gov/cost.shtml]
Glossaries of Appropriations and Budget Terms
[http://www.senate.gov/~budget/republican/reference/cliff_notes/cliffapi.htm]
Statements of Administration Policy
Statements and veto indicators on 107th legislation scheduled for House or Senate
floor action. Covers the 105th to the 107th Congresses. Choose link on left side of the
site to select listing of bills by Congress and session.
[http://www.whitehouse.gov/OMB/legislative/sap/index.html].
Executive Agency Budget Sites
Locating Agencies, Departments, and Programs in Appropriations Bills
“I’m looking for a particular program, but I don’t know which appropriation bill it’s in.”
Indexes for finding specific entities in the 13 appropriations bills can be consulted at
[http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/appprogs.shtml].

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CRS-12
FY2003 Budget information or budget overviews of the cabinet departments and
agencies are available at the sites listed below.
Agriculture
[http://www.usda.gov/agency/obpa/Home-Page/obpa.html]
Commerce
[http://www.osec.doc.gov/bmi/budget/]
Defense
[http://www.dtic.mil/comptroller/fy2003budget/index.html]
Education
[http://www.ed.gov/offices/OUS/Budget03/Summary/index.html]
Energy
[http://www.cfo.doe.gov/budget/03budget/index.htm]
Health and
[http://www.hhs.gov/budget/docbudget.htm]
Human Services
Housing and
[http://www.hud.gov/about/budget/ahmngt.cfm]
Urban
Development
Interior
[http://www.doi.gov/budget/2003/03Hilites/toc.html#APPENDICES]
Justice
[http://www.usdoj.gov/jmd/2003summary/]
Labor
[http://www.dol.gov/_sec/budget2003/overview.htm]
State
[http://www.state.gov/m/rm/rls/bib]
Transportation
[http://www.dot.gov/bib/bibindex.html]
Treasury
[http://www.treas.gov/press/releases/po2076.htm]
Veterans Affairs [http://www.va.gov/budget/summary/index.htm]
Budget information on Independent agencies—such as the Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA), National Aeronautics and Space Administration, etc.—
may be found in the FY2003 Budget of the United States, Appendix volume. On the
Internet, connect to the address below, click on Executive agencies listed by name,
or click on the Independent agencies link for those similar agencies not listed.
[http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/budget/fy2003/app_down.html]
Table 2. Addresses and Phone Numbers
Appropriations Committee,
H-218 The Capitol
(202) 225-2771
House
Washington, D.C. 20515-6015
Appropriations Committee,
S-128 The Capitol
(202) 224-3471
Senate
Washington, D.C. 20510-6025
Budget Committee, House
309 Cannon House Office Building
(202) 226-7270
Washington, D.C. 20515-6065
Budget Committee, Senate
621 Dirksen Senate Office Building
(202) 224-0642
Washington, D.C. 20510-6100
Bureau of the Census
Federal Center
Publications:
(Customer Service
Suitland, MD 20233
(301) 457-4100
Department)
Bureau of the Public Debt
999 E Street, N.W.
(202) 691-3502
Washington, D.C. 20239-0001
Congressional Budget
410 Ford House Office Building
Publications:
Office (CBO)
Washington, D.C. 20515
(202) 226-2809

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CRS-13
Federal Reserve
20th and Constitution Avenue, N.W.
Publications:
Washington, D.C. 20551
(202) 452-3245
General Accounting Office
441 G Street, N.W.
Publications:
(GAO)
Washington, D.C. 20548
Congressional
offices:
(202) 512-4400
Public:
(202) 512-6000
Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents
Publications:
(GPO)
P.O. Box 371954
Congressional
Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954
offices:
(202) 512-1808
Public:
(202) 512-1800
Joint Committee on
[House]
Taxation
1015 Longworth House Office
(202) 225-3621
Building
Washington, D.C. 20515-6453
[Senate]
204 Dirksen Senate Office Building
(202) 224-5561
Washington, D.C. 20510-001
Office of Management and
Old Executive Office Building
Budget (OMB)
17th Street and Pennsylvania
(202) 395-3080
Avenue, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20503
Treasury Department
1500 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.
Publications:
Washington, D.C. 20220
(202) 622-2970
Selected CRS Products
CRS Report RS21197. Budget and Related Documents: Internet Access and GPO
Availability.
CRS Report RS21316. Budget Enforcement Procedures: Senate Pay-As-You-Go
(PAYGO) Rule.
CRS Info Pack 546B. Budget for FY2003.
CRS Issue Brief IB10102. The Budget for Fiscal Year 2003.
CRS Info Pack 012B. Budget Process.
CRS Report RL30458. The Budget Reconciliation Process: Timing of Legislative
Action.
CRS Report 97-684. Congressional Appropriations Process: An Introduction.

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CRS-14
CRS Issue Brief IB10096. Congressional Budget Actions in 2002.
CRS Report RS20095. The Congressional Budget Process: A Brief Overview.
CRS Report RL30297. Congressional Budget Resolutions: Selected Statistics and
Information Guide.
CRS Report RL30343. Continuing Appropriations Acts: Brief Overview of Recent
Practices.
CRS Report RL31443. The Deeming Resolution: A Budget Enforcement Tool.
CRS Report RS20008. Discretionary Spending Limits.
CRS Info Pack 540F. Federal Debt and the Budget.
CRS Report RS20767. How Surpluses Change the Federal Debt.
CRS Report 98-721. Introduction to the Federal Budget Process.
CRS Report 98-720. Manual on the Federal Budget Process.
CRS Report RL31406. Supplemental Appropriations for FY2002: Combating
Terrorism and Other Issues.
CRS Report RL30854. Uncertainty in Budget Projections.
CRS Product on Terrorism Budget and Appropriations Issues
The CRS Electronic Briefing Book on Terrorism contains information on
terrorism budget and appropriations specifically related to the war on terrorism. See
“Budget and Appropriations” at [http://www.congress.gov/brbk/html/ebter1.shtml].
CRS Budget Fact Sheets
Fact sheets summarizing more than 40 different topics related to the budget and
appropriations process may be accessed by congressional staff from CRS’ Web site.
[http://www.crs.gov/products/guides/budget/explanations/BudgetExplanations.shtml]
An overview and summary of the status of all appropriations bills, providing bill
and public law numbers, dates of passage, votes, and hypertext links to full texts of
the bills, public laws, and related reports are also available on the CRS Web site at
[http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/appover.shtml].

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