98-874 STM
Updated January 5, 1999
CRS Report for Congress
Received through the CRS Web
Women’s Health: Provisions of Selected
Legislation, 1983-1998
Irene Stith-Coleman
Joy Austin-Lane
Science, Technology, and Medicine Division
Summary
For a number of years, Congress and several Administrations have been concerned
about women’s health issues. More than 20 laws with provisions relating to women’s
health were enacted between 1983 and 1998 and a number of federally supported
women’s health programs have been created and/or expanded. This report, which may
be updated, summarizes the major women’s health provisions of selected legislation
enacted from 1983 through 1998 that relate to women’s health. The laws highlighted
do not include appropriations acts.
Introduction
Improving women’s health was presented in 1997 as a top priority of the Department
of Health and Human Services (HHS).1 HHS affirmed its commitment to a
comprehensive, science-based approach to help address “longstanding inequities in
women’s health.” Many of the actions identified by HHS to demonstrate the department’s
commitment pertain to women’s health research. Examples include: increased funding of
and major national projects for women’s health research; inclusion of women in clinical
research trials; examination of gender differences in cause, treatment and prevention of
disease; and helping to assure that women have access to senior positions in health and
science careers.
Congress has played a significant role in elevating the public’s awareness about
women’s health issues and has passed laws to address many of these issues. In the last
15 years, more than 20 laws have been enacted that relate to women’s health. Table 1
provides a selected chronology of such legislation enacted from 1983 through 1998.
Enacted provisions cover a wide group of activities that range from mandating that
women and minorities be included in clinical research conducted or supported by the
National Institutes of Health (NIH), to authorizing block grants for breast and cervical
1[http://www.hhs.gov/news/press/1997pres/971025c.html], 31 October 1997.
Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress

---

CRS-2
cancer screening, to mandating an epidemiological study of adverse health effects on
women Vietnam veterans resulting from exposure to chemicals or medications during
service, to expanding research on the aging process in women. Responsibility for the
administration of the women’s health provisions is shared by several federal departments
and a number of federal agencies and institutes. Acronyms appearing in Table 1 include
the following:
! ADAMHA - Alcohol, Drug Abuse and Mental Health Administration (now
abolished)
! CDC - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
! DOD - Department of Defense
! HHS - Department of Health and Human Services
! VA - Department of Veterans Affairs
! FDA - Food and Drug Administration
! HCFA - Health Care Financing Administration
! IHS - Indian Health Service IHS
! NIH - National Institutes of Health
NCI - National Cancer Institute
NICHD - National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
NIMH - National Institute of Mental Health
NIA - National Institute on Aging
NIAAA - National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
NIDA - National Institute on Drug Abuse
! SAMHSA - Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
! USPS - United States Postal Service
The table is organized to include the Public Law number, the date of enactment, the
short title of the legislation, expiration date of authorization of appropriations (where
present), the agency with principal responsibility for implemention of the provisions, and
a brief description of the women’s health provisions, with an indication as to where in the
law they are found. In cases where the original authorization of appropriations was
extended, the extending Public Law number is included with the extended expiration date.
In this report, “research” includes research and development.2 Examples of areas
involving biomedical research and development (R&D) include: clinical trials;
epidemiological or toxicological studies; prevention studies; trauma and shock R&D;
R&D to assess how stress conditions affect human life processes; R&D on contraceptive
devices; R&D on the biological, medical, and behavioral problems caused by
environmental agents; and development of methods to predict effects of human exposure
to environmental agents.
2“Research encompasses both basic research (the gaining of fuller knowledge or understanding
of the subject under study) as well as applied research (the practical application of such
knowledge or understanding for the purpose of meeting a recognized need). Development is the
systematic use of knowledge and understanding obtained from research and is aimed at the
production of useful materials, devices, methods, or systems.” National Institutes of Health,
Federal Health R&D Survey, FY1995-FY1997, Instructions for Reporting Obligations for
Medical and Health-Related R&D.

---

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94
98
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87
321
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183
A
A
93
94
96
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d
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30-
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30-
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30-
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XPIRAT
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Table 1. Selected Legislation, 1983 through 1998
b
ct o
ct o
io
are
ct
1989
an
E
A
ibu
A
n
et
A
izat
esearch
L
C
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g
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d R
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ts of
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A
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s Bu
eorg
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se, D
tal Health
en
S
ed O
n
rizatio
n
erv
Ac
s’ H
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1986
R
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rev
1990
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dm
b
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m
th
id
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cat
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M
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A
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Breas
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E
83
84
84
89
92
86
90
92
21-
19-
30-
7-
19-
10-
10-
13-
DAT
NACT
4-
11-
10-
10-
12-
8-
7-
10-
E
IC
W
160
509
558
272
239
354
321
409
LA
98-
98-
98-
99-
PUBL
101-
101-
102-
102-

---

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97
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95
96
TE*
A
30-
30-
30-
30-
30-
30-
D
9-
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9-
9-
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9-
XPIRAT
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t
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th
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en
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R
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dards
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Prev
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ram
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m
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tan
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A
Mam
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an
A
an
di
Wom
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Veter
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In
D
E
E
92
92
92
92
92
93
24-
27-
27-
29-
4-
10-
DAT
NACT
10-
10-
10-
10-
11-
6-
E
IC
W
515
531
539
573
585
43
LA
103-
PUBL
102-
102-
102-
102-
102-

---

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